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Forerunner of the American Revolution.
Nathaniel Bacon wanted to go to war against American Indians to take their land. He resented high taxes and low tobacco prices |
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| Political system in which the supreme power lies with the citizens |
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| VIRGINIA HOUSE OF BURGESSES |
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| First representative legislature in the American colonies. It was a democratic government. |
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| Earliest form of democracy in the American colonies. |
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| Representative government in the American colonies. It was a direct democracy where members of the community voted on issues. |
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| FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUT |
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| In 1639, following the Mayflower Compact, this established the basis for Connecticut’s political and legal system. |
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The government’s power comes from the consent of the governed.
Idea originated by Jean Jacques Rousseau |
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| This document recognized a number of natural rights, or rights people have simply by being people, life, liberty and property. Guaranteed the right to a fair trial before a jury of one’s peers and freedom of speech. |
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| SECOND CONTINENTAL CONGRESS |
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| At the King George III’s refusal to repeal the Intolerable Acts, this meeting of delegates from the American colonies in 1774 decided to seek independence from Britain. It resulted in the Declaration of Independence. |
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English common law
Greek democracy
Roman republican form of government
Magna Carta
English Bill of Rights |
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| 1754, Ben Franklin, effort to unite the colonies for their common defense against the American Indians. |
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| Prohibited colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains. |
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| Colonists were required by law to provide temporary housing and food to British soldiers. Violation of privacy. |
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| Fought for freedom of press in 1733. |
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| Passed in the early 1760s, gave British custom officials authority to search colonists’ homes for smuggled goods w/o a warrant. |
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| Ended the American revolution and granted independence to the colonies in 1783. Recognized the Mississippi as the country’s western border. |
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| LAND ORDINANCE OF 1785 AND NORTHWEST ORDINANCE OF 1787 |
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| Laws creating a management policy for westward expansion of the US. |
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| Religious leaders preached spiritual and moral rebirth for Americans. |
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| Proposed by James Madison called for a bicameral Congress with representation based on each state’s population. |
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| Proposed that each state have the same number of representatives in its bicameral legislature. |
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| THE GREAT COMPROMISE/THE CONNECTICUT COMPROMISE |
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| The creation of a bicameral legislature with a Senate in which representation was equal for all states and a House of Representatives with representation based on the state’s population was an outcome the combination of both the Virginia and the New Jersey Plans. |
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| THE COMMERCE/SLAVE TRADE COMPROMISE |
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| Outlawed slave trade as of 1808, but not slavery. |
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| In 1787, a group of farmers under the leadership of Daniel Shays |
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Supported the ratification of the constitution. Believed in a strong, Federal government. James Madison, Alex Hamilton, John Jay and Ben Franklin were federalists.
Loose interpretation of the constitution |
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“NECESSARY AND PROPER CLAUSE” OR
“ELASTIC CLAUSE” |
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This clause in the constitution allows Congress to create laws as it sees fit.
It gives Congress “implied powers” |
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| few families or a small group rule the country |
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| Limits filibuster debates in the Senate, but requires 3/5 majority vote of the Senate |
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| Assigning representatives to the House based on census results. |
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| Congressional leader in charge of rallying the opposition for the minority party. |
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CHIEF JUSTICE
ASSOCIATE JUSTICE |
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Head of the Supreme Court.
Member of the court that is not the chief justice. |
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ORIGINAL JURISDICTION
The district courts’ authority to hear federal cases first.
APPELLATE JURISDICTION
EXCLUSIVE JURISDICTION |
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The district courts’ authority to hear federal cases first.
Allows a court to hear appeals from a lower court
Authority reserved for the Supreme Court alone |
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COMMUTATIONS/COMMUTE
REPRIEVE |
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Governor’s power to reduce a criminal’s sentence.
Presidential action that can delay a person’s punishment until a higher court hears the case |
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WRIT OF HABEAS CORPUS
BILL OF ATTAINDER
EX POST FACTO LAWS
JUDICIAL REVIEW |
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Safeguards against a person being kept in jail unlawfully.
Punishing a person without a jury trial.
Laws “after the fact”. This prevents a person from being punished for an action that was not against the law when the act was committed.
Principle that allows the US Supreme Court to overturn decisions made in lower courts. |
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CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTION OF 1787
CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT |
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*The meeting started out trying to fix the Articles of Confederation. It was held in Philadelphia. The proceedings were held in secrecy to enable delegates to speak freely.
*Proposal: 2/3 of both houses or by 2/3 state conventions
Ratification: ¾ state legislatures or state conventions. |
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*Income for the government.
*Government spending |
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local laws
Laws passed by the General Assembly |
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*A way for citizens to approve or reject a state or local law by voting.
* Law limited in application to a particular county or city. Includes ordinances and municipal codes. |
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| In multi-party systems, governments need to form coalitions when no party receives a majority of the votes. |
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| A person who believes government should actively intervene in the economy to rectify social injustice. |
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| Support from the average citizenry and people of lesser means |
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| Crimes are defined in each state’s written laws, called the penal code. A state’s penal code also spells out the punishments that go with the crime. |
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| Submitting a dispute to a third party and agreeing to abide by that person’s ruling; often used in labor disputes. |
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JUDICIAL REVIEW
WRIT OF CERTIORARI |
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* Principle that allows the US Supreme Court to overturn decisions made in lower courts.
*Supreme Court order for a lower court to send records on a case. |
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