Term
| Wirth's Definition of a city |
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Definition
cities are points of connection and interaction
they require:
permance
Large population size
High Population Density
Social Heterogeneity |
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Term
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Definition
Schnore
Communication systems are the nervous system.
Roads, transport systems are the circulatory system.
Territorial division of labor and production - organs.
Sewage system - waste.
Old cities are different from young ones. Cities die.
People are cells: Inhabitants are indifferent and ignorant to the system as a whole, but somehow cities work. Inhabitants of the city are replaceable and interchangeable- like cells.
City are caught up in a web of exchange
relationships. |
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Term
Hinterland
Which way do goods flow?
which way do services flow? |
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Definition
Area of influence for a city
goods flow from HL to city
services flow from city to HL |
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Term
| Grimm: City as a socioecological system |
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Definition
Cities occupy less than 3% of the land surface yet their impact has been global
cities link society and ecosystem services |
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Term
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Definition
| Areas where early urbanization (independently) occured |
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Term
| Precursors to Urbanization (4) |
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Definition
PETS
Population
Environment (suitable 4 food production)
Technology
Social Organization |
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Term
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Definition
Agriculture
Construction
Water Management
Food Storage |
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Term
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Definition
leadership
specialized professions |
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Term
| Four Theories of Urban Origins |
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Definition
- Hydraulic-cities were born to facilitate agricultural production, which required water
- Economic- cities were points of exchange for large scale trading networks
- Military- once people had wealth the need for defense led to cities
- Religious- religion concentrated power
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Term
| Redman "mutually reinforcing interactions" |
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Definition
| Urbanization did not begin for one purpose. There were a series of incremental processes(Hydraulic, Economic, Military, Religion) that developed through mutually reinforcing interactions) |
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Term
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Definition
| Urbanization is like an S curve, development is slow until a triggering event (i.e. Industrial Revolution) causes a period of rapid change that eventually levels out |
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Term
| Law of the Indes and its connection to Rome |
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Definition
| They were basically a "ripoff" of Roman rules (Vitruvious) and the spanish used them to colonize America.They used these plans b/c they wanted to project power and move wealth/goods to spain |
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Term
| What were colonial cities like? (Spanish, French,British in VA, NE) |
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Definition
Spanish- wanted to project power & bring wealth/goods back to Spain
French- cities were meant to facilitate trade and were almost always on a coast (water)
British- anti-urban movements cities were too focused on tobacco export
NE- communal living, village green, settlers intended to stay |
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Term
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Definition
The ratio of large cities to small cities is constant over time
rank of a city refers to its population size
the law is constant but cities change rank all the time
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Term
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Definition
all major cities on atlantic
HL extended inland
Canals extremely important!
used water power a lot
cities that rose in rank were those that were most close to waterways that headed west |
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Term
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Definition
Regional rail networks centered around ports
short haul rail lines
extended HL further of inland cities
Waterborne transports still critical
Pittsburgh rose in rank (coal)
Souther locations declined |
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Term
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Definition
National rail networks- no longer needed a port
COAL!
Move West
Cities become hubs of industrial production
Denver Grows!
Small towns in the NE shrunk |
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Term
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Definition
massive changes in internal structure of cities
Service employment meant hinterland less important
Natl system of cities established
people move to warm places and suburbs
shift away from manufacturing employment |
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Term
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Definition
Interconnected “city-region”
cities connected together by multiple modes of transit to form a "mega region" |
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Term
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Definition
| goods with low thresholds |
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Term
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Definition
| goods with high threshold |
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Term
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Definition
| land use, buildings, town plan |
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