Term
| Information Technology (IT) |
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Definition
| use of tech. in managing and processing information |
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Term
Maniging information systems
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Definition
| buisness function and academic disipline cinving the application of people, technolgies, and procedeures: inforation systems - to solve problems |
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| data converted into meaningful and useful text |
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| business intelligence (BI) |
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Definition
| apps and tech used to gather, provide accesses to, and analyze data and information to support decision-making efforts |
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Term
| Organizational information cultures |
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Definition
| functional, sharing, inquiring, and discovering |
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Term
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Definition
1. Fall of Berlin Wall
2. Netscape IPO
3. Work flow software
4. Open-sourcing
5. Outsourcing
6. Offshoring
7. Supply-chaining
8. In-sourcing
9. Informing
10. Wireless |
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Term
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Definition
| product or service that an organization's customers place a greater value on than similar offerings from a competitor |
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| when an org. can significantly impact its market share by being first to market with a competitive advantage |
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| attainment and anylsis of events and trends in enviro, external to an organization |
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Definition
To determine relative attrativeness of an industry
1. Threat of Substitute products/services
2. Threat of new entrants
3. buyer ppower: bargining power of channels and end users
4. Suppliers power: bargining power of suppliers
5. Rivarly among existing competitoirs |
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| (reduce buyer power) - rewards customers based on more purchases |
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| all parties involved in the obtaining of a product or raw material |
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| internet based service that brings together many buyers and sellers |
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| single buyer pots its needs and then opens the bidding to any supplier |
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| auction format in which increasing lower bids are given out from groups willing to supply at the lowest price |
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| views an organization as a sires of precesses, which adds value to the product/service for each customer |
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| a standard set of activities that accomplish a specific task |
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Term
| Supply chain management (SCM) |
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Definition
| management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability |
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Definition
| strategy for managing all resources to meet customer demand |
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| partners throughout the supply chain that deliver finished products, raw materials, and services |
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| schedule for production activities |
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| Effective and Efficient SCM can enable: |
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Definition
- decrease power of its buyers
- increase its own power as supplier
- increasing switching costs to reduce the threat of substitute products/services
- create entry barriers, thereby reducing threat of new entrants
- increase efficiency while seeking a competitive advantage through cost leadership |
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| Customer relationship management (CRM) |
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Definition
| managing all aspects of a customer's relationship with an organization to increase customer loyalty and retention and an orgs. profit |
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| standard set of activities that accomplish a specific task, such a processing a customers order |
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| Business process re-engineering (BRP) |
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Definition
| analysis and redesign of workflow within and between enterprises - purpose is to make all business process best-in-class |
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| Enterprise resource planning (EPR) |
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Definition
| integrates all dparmetns and functions throughout an organization into a single IT systems so that employees can make decisions by viewing enterprise-wide info on all business ops |
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Term
| key performance indicator |
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Definition
| measures that are tied to business drivers |
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Definition
| measure's prefomance of the IT system its self including throughput, speed, and availibitly (do things right) |
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- throughput (MB/s)
- transaction speed
- system availibity (system_uptime/total_time)
- information accuracy
- web traffic
- response time |
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| measures impact IT has in buinses proceses and activites including customer satisfaction, conversion rates, and sell-through increases (do the right things) |
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| Effectiveness IT metrics:: |
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Definition
- usability
- customer satisfaction
- converstion rates
- Financial
-- ROI
-- Cost-benefit
-- break-even |
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| processes of continously measureing system results, comparing those results to optimal system performance (benchmark values), and ID steps and procedures to improve system prrformance |
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| oversees all uses of IT and ensures strategic alignment of IT with buisness goals and OBJs |
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| ensuring delivery of all IT projects, on time and wihtin budget |
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| ensuring strategic vision of IT is in line with strategic vision of the organization |
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| building and manintaing strong executive relationships |
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| responsilbe for ensuring the throughout, speed, accuracy, avalibility and reialbity of IT |
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| ensuring ethical and legal use of information |
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| responsible for collecting, manintaining, and distributing the orgs. knowledge |
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Definition
| princlples and standrds that guide our behavior toward others |
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| issues affected by tech. advantages |
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Definition
- principles of common good
- intellectual property (copyright, patent)
- privacy and fair use doctrine |
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Definition
| right ot be left alone when want to be. control over ur own personal possesions |
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| pritcetion of info from accidnetal or intentional misuse by persons inside or outside org |
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Definition
| set of related progrmas, located at a network gateway, server, that protects resources of a private network |
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Term
| intrusion dectection system (IDS) |
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Definition
| software that monitors system and network resources and tells personel with intrusion |
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| Managed security service provider (MSSP) |
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Definition
| an orgnizatin that monitors, manages, and maintains network security hardwre and software for its client companies |
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| real-time database managemtn system |
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Definition
| provideds information in response to query requests meeting the deadline |
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| four primary sources of low quality info: |
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Definition
1. online customers intentionally enter inaccurate info to prtect privacy
2. info from diff systems have diff entry standards and formats
3. call center operators enter abbreviated or erroneous info by accident or to save time
4. third party and external info contains inconsistencies, inaccuratiesand erros |
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Definition
| maintians info about various types of objects and events people nad places |
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| hierarchial database model |
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| info is organized into a tree-like structure |
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| feliable way of represenitng objects and relationships |
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| ralational database model |
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| stores information in he form of logically related two-demntional tables |
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| person, placem thins, transaction |
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| characterisitcs or propertires of the entitiy |
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| field that uniquely IDs a given entity in a tbale |
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| primary key of one table that appers an trribute in another table and acts to privde a logaical relationship amoing hte two tables |
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Definition
| how well a system can adapt to increased demands |
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| measures how quickly a system preformcnes a certian process or tansaction |
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| duplication of inforamtion or storing the same info in multiple places |
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| measures quality of the info |
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Definition
rules that help ensure the quality of hte info
- relatioal integrity constraint
- buisness-crictial integrity constraint |
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| AAA databse security features |
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Definition
AUTHENTICATION of the user
AUTHORIZATION: access control - who has access
ACCOUNTING keeping track of resources |
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Term
| database managmewnt systems (DBMS) |
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Definition
| sofware through which users and appkication programsn interact with a databse |
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Definition
| interactive web site that in always being upadated and realvant to cusotmers |
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Definition
| takes info entered into system and sends automaticly to all downstraem systems and processes |
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Definition
| tkaes info entered into system and sends to all upstream systems |
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Definition
| logical collection of info - from many diff op databases - supprts buisness activites and decion making tasks |
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| extraction, transforamtion and loading (ETL) |
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Definition
| extracts info from internal and external and transforms info useing common set of definations and loads into a data warehosue |
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| contain subset of data wareouse info |
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| analyzing data to extract info not offered by raw data alone |
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| techniques to find pattersn and relationships in large and prediucts futire behavior |
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Definition
| apps an dtech used to support decision making |
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| informaion correlations, distributions, calcautions and variance anaysis |
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| redictions made off of time seris information |
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| time stamped info collected at a particualr freguancy |
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| transactional processing system |
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Definition
| basic businsenss system that serves the operational level |
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Term
| online transcational processing (OLTP) |
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Definition
capturing transcation and event info using tech. to:
1. process te info
2. store the info
3. update existing info |
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Term
| online snalyical processing (OLAP) |
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Definition
| maniputlation of info to crete BI in suport of decsion making |
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Term
| Decision suport systme (DSS) |
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Definition
| model info to support nanagers and businness profetionals durring decsion making proecess |
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| 3 quanaititve maidels used by DSS: |
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Definition
1 Sensitivty anaysis - study of imapct
2. what-if anaysis - checks impact of a change in an assumtpion on propsoed solution
3. goal-seeking analysis - finds inouts necessary to cheive goal such as a desiured level of output |
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| Exectiuve info system (EIS) |
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Definition
| specilized DSS that supports senior executives within org |
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| various commercial app of AI |
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Definition
| simulates human integance such as ablity to reason and learn |
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| comuterized advisory programsn that imiated the reasoning process of experts |
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| attempts to emualte the way human brain works |
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| mathimatical method of handleiing imprecisive or subjective info |
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| AI system that mimics evloutionalry, survaiul of fitest for better soultions |
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| speciual purposed knowledge based info system that accomplishes specific tasks |
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