Fibrous Pericardium:

outermost layer of Pericardium

Pericardial Cavity:

serous fluid occupies a narrow space between parietal & visceral layers

Myocardium:

middle myocardium is the actual muscle of the heart consists of Cardiac Muscle tissue & its fibrous skeleton

Endocardium:

innermost layer is a type of simple squamous epithelium called endothelium. It is continuous with the endothelium lining all blood vessels in the body.

Atria (right & left):

recieves blood from the body's veins to be reusd or recycled.

Ventricles (right & left):

eject blood into the body's Arteries.

Tricuspid Valve:

3-cusped valve between the right Atrium & the Right Ventricle

Mitral (Bicuspid) Valve:

2-Cusped valve between left atrium & the left ventricle

Pulmonary Valve:

lies betwee the right ventricle and the pulmonary trunk

Aortic Valve:

lies between the left ventricle and the aorta

Chordae Tendineae:

Cusp of Atrioventricular valve is attached to collagenous "strings".

Superior Vena Cava:

a large vein caring de-oxygenated blood back into the heart from the body above the heart and back down.

Inferior Vena Cava:

right atrium recieves deoxygenated blood from the bodies main veins

Pulmonary Trunk:

from the right ventricle, it ejects blood ito a blood vessel known as the Pulmonary Trunk, to carry deoxygenated blood from the heart and to the lungs (and back).

Pulmonary Veins:

left atrium receives oxygenated blood returning from the pulmonary circuit via 4 pulmonary veins

Aorta:

left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood into the artery in the system circuit, the aorta, and out-throughout the body.

is located in the upper right atrium, acts as the main pacemaker of the heart, depolarizes spontaneously around 60times/minute.

Atrioventricular (AV) node:

is located in the lower right atrium just medial to the Tricuspid Valve; Acts as a back up pacemaker & is capable of pacing the heart at around 40 beats

Atrioventricular Bundle (bundle of His):

a small group of fibers in the lower interatrial septum & upper interventricular septum that transmits impulses from the AV node to the Ventricles

Bundle Branches:

impulses are transmitted from the AV Bundle down either side of the interventricular septum by the right & left bundle branches

Purkinje Fibers:

end of the interventricular septum, the right & left bundle branches fan out through the Myocardium; fibers extend about 1/3rd of the way into the heart muscle, after whih they blend with regular non-pacemaker cardiac myocytes.

Pathways of the Heart- Regarding Veins:

a. Where do veins carry blood?

b. Is this blood generally oxygenated or deoxygenated?

c. Does this rule have any exceptions? If yes, where?

a. transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

b. deoxygenated

c. No, only when it's back in the heart.

Pathway of the Heart- Regarding Arteries:

a. Where do arteries carry blood?

b. Is this blood generally oxygenated or deoxygenated?

c. Does this rule have any exceptions? If yes, where?

a. transports oxygenated blood away from the heart.

b. oxygenated

c. Nope.

Where does each atrium pump blood when it contracts?

a. Right Atrium:

b. Left Atrium:

a. Right Atrium: pumps deoxygenated blood into the lungs

b. Left Atrium: pumps oxygenated blood to the body

Where does each ventricle pump blood when it contracts?

a. Right Ventricle:

b. Left Ventricle:

a. Right Ventricles: from the Atrium to the right Ventricle to the lungs.

b. Left Ventricles: from the Atrium to the left Ventricle to the rest of the body.