Term
|
Definition
| transport, regulation, and protection |
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Term
|
Definition
| oxygen and nutrients to tissues & carbon dioxide and wastes away from tissues |
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|
Term
| regulation in circulation |
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Definition
| hormone transport and temperature regulation |
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|
Term
| thermoregulation examples |
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Definition
| testicular blood flow - testes cooler than rest of body & whale flippers - warm blood must to them |
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|
Term
| thermoregulation in circulation |
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Definition
| caused by countercurrent flow of arterial and venous blood |
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|
Term
| protection in circulation |
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Definition
| blood clotting and immune defense |
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Term
|
Definition
| proportion of blood that is cellular |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| RBCs, transport oxygen and carbon dioxide |
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Term
|
Definition
| WBCs, immunity - phagocytosis of bacteria and antibody production |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| through which blood leaves the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| what arteries branch into |
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Term
|
Definition
| where gases and nutrients are exchanged between blood and tissues - branch from arterioles |
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Term
|
Definition
| through which blood returns from tissues to heart |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| single circulation to gills and then to other tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| pulmonary circulation (amphibians & reptiles) |
|
Definition
| circulation past the respiratory surfaces |
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|
Term
| systemic circulation (amphibians & reptiles) |
|
Definition
| all circulation that is not pulmonary |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| receives oxygen poor venous blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| pumps blood into pulmonary artery |
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Term
|
Definition
| receives oxygenated blood from the lungs |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| contraction of cardiac muscle cells |
|
Definition
| caused by action potentials in the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| pacemaker cells that cause spontaneous action potentials even without autonomous nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
| measure of electrical activity of heart as detected by body surface electrodes |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| ventricular depolarization |
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Term
|
Definition
| ventricular repolarization |
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Term
|
Definition
| blood volume per heart beat |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| average adult stroke volume |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| blood volume pumped per minute |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| increases heart rate and increases stroke volume |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| heart rate x stroke volume |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| determined by number of action potentials at sinatorial node |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| spontaneous rate of action potentials at sinatorial node |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| volume of blood in ventricle and strength of contraction |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| often have lower resting heart rate but same cardiac output of non-athletes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| withstand high pressure and have abundant smooth muscle |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| hold lots of volume and are highly distensible; moderate amount of smooth muscle |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| single layer of epithelial cells |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| smooth muscle constricts and decreases blood flow - increases blood pressure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| smooth muscle relaxes and increase blood flow - decreases blood pressure |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| diminishes blood flow to skin |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| abundant blood flow to skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| inappropriate vasoconstriction |
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Term
|
Definition
| in veins and not in arteries |
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Term
|
Definition
| pressure during heart beats |
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Term
|
Definition
| pressure between heart beats |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| depends on cardiac output and resistance to flow |
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Term
|
Definition
| caused by obesity, smoking, stress, etc. |
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Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of fatty materials and cellular debris - caused by smoking, high cholesterol, genetics, etc. |
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