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Definition
| manages the resources and activities of the computer |
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| applies the computer to a specific task for an end user, such as processing an order or generating a mailing list |
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| organizes, manages, and processes business data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors |
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| ensuring that the new infrastructure works with the firms' older, so-called legacy systems and that the new elements of the infrastructure work with one another |
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| generally older transaction processing systems created for mainframe computers that continue to be used to avoid the high cost of replacing or redesigning |
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| used for advanced design or engineering work requring powerful graphics or computation capabilities |
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| specifically optimized to suppor a computer network, enabling users to share files, software, printers or other network resources |
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| midrange computers/minicomputers |
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Definition
| servers that are used in systems for universities, factories or research labs |
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| large capacity performance computer that can process vast amounts of data rapidly. ex: airlines |
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| specially designed, sophisticated computer that is used for tasks requiring extremely rapid and complex calculations with thousands of variables. es: engineering analysis of structures |
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| connecting geographically remote computers into a single network to create a "virtual supercomputer" by combining the power of all computers on the grid |
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Definition
| use of multiple computer linked by a communications netowkr for processing |
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| user point of entry for the required function and is normally a desktop computer/computer specifically optimized to provide software and other resources to other computer over a network |
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| multitiered client/server architectures |
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Definition
| most corporations in which the work of the entire network is balanced over serveral different levels of servers |
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| web server, application server |
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Definition
| will serve a web page to a client in response to a request for service. handles all application operations between a user and an organization's back-end business sytems |
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Definition
| transferring applications from large computers to smaller ones |
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Definition
| most widely used secondary strage medium. ex:hard drives, usb flash drives |
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| RAID (redundant array of inexpensive disks) |
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Definition
| packages more that 100 disk drives, a controller chip, and specialized software into a single, large unit delivering data over multiple paths simultaneously |
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Definition
| use laster technology to store massive quatities of data in a higly compact form. ex:CD-ROM, CD-RW, DVDs |
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Definition
| older storage technology that still is employed for secondary storage of large quantities of data that are needed rapidly but not instantly |
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| Storage area networks (SANS) |
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Definition
| connect multiple storage devices on a separate high-speed network dedicated to storage |
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| input devices/output devices |
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Definition
| gather data and conver them into electronic form for use by the computer, ex: keyboard, mouse/ display data after they have been processed ex:printers,audio |
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Definition
| transactions such as orders or payroll time cards are stored in a group or batch until the time when needed |
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Definition
| user enters transactions into a device and immediately processed |
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| method for distributing the computing load across many layers of internet computers in order to minimize response time |
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| industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure themselves, heal themselves, protect themselves |
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| manages and controls the computer's activities |
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Definition
| major programming language for business applications because it can process large data files with alphanumeric characters |
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Definition
| powerful programming language with tight control and efficiency of execution, used primarily with PCs |
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| object-oriented version of the C programming language |
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Definition
| widely used visual programming tool and environment for creating applications that run on windows operating systems |
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| fourth-generation languages |
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Definition
| consist of a variety of software tools that enable end users to develop software applications with minimal or no technical assistance or enhance professional programmers' productivity |
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Definition
| enable users to communicate with the computer using conversational commands |
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| software tools that provide immediate online answers to request for info that re not predefined |
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| program that controls placement of text, graphics and photos in the layout of a page. Ex: Adobe |
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Definition
| provides functions and services to support the collaborative activities of work groups ex: electronic meeting |
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Definition
| software that connects two separate applications, enabling them to communicate with each other and to exchange data. |
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Term
| enterprise application integration software |
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Definition
| enables multiple systems to exchange data through a single software hub rather than building countless custom software interfaces to link each system |
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Definition
| more powerful and flexible markup language than html |
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| SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol |
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Definition
| set of rules for structuring messages that enables applications to pass data and instruction to one another |
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| WSDL web services description language |
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Definition
| framework for describing the tasks performed by a web service and the commands and data it will accept so that it can be used by other applications |
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| UDDI Universal description, discovery, integration |
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Definition
| enables a web service to be listed in a director of web services so that it can be easily located |
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Term
| service oriented architecture |
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Definition
| set of self-contained serves that communicate with each other to create a working software application |
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Definition
| new software applications and services based on combining different online software applications |
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Definition
| process of predicting when a computer hardware system becomes saturated to ensure that adequate computing resources are availabe for work of different priorities and that the firm has enough computing power for its current and future needs |
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Term
| TCO Total cost of ownership |
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Definition
| model that can be used to analyze these direct and indirect costs to help determine that actual cost of owning a specific technology |
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Definition
| where the firm actually purchases and owns the server computer housing its web site |
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Term
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Definition
| firms purchase only the computing power they use, like paying for electricity |
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Term
| ASP application service provider |
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Definition
| business that delivers and manages applications and computer services from remote computer centers to multiple users via the internet or a private network |
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