Term
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Definition
chest pain or discomfort that occurs when an area of the heart muscle does not get enough blood. Angina is a symptom of underlying heart disease |
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Term
| Angina is usually resultant of what? |
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Definition
coronary artery disease
The coronary arteries that carry blood to the heart become narrowed by plaques - made up of cholesterol and other substances - on the inner lining of the vessels, restricting blood flow. As a result, less oxygen reaches the heart, and angina pain or discomfort results |
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Term
| What the different type sof angina? |
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Definition
Stable Angina
Prinzymetal's Angina
Silent Ischemia
Unstable Angina |
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Term
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Definition
Decreased O2 suppply due to reduced blood flow
Symptoms have been occuring for weeks but without worsening |
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Term
| Describe Prinzmetal's Angina? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Transient ischemic attacks without symptoms of angina
Silent ischemia often detected during activity (such as with exercise testing)
St elevation or depression during activity
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Term
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Definition
Condition where severe chest pain occurs due to ischemic; acute medical attention is needed |
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Term
| Treatment of chronic angina to reduce the risk of? |
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Definition
an acute coronary syndrome (a myocardial infarction )
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Term
| What two agents are used together to prevent a an acute coronary syndrome secondary to angina? |
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Definition
| antiplatelet agenta nd an anti-anginal agent |
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Term
| Name antiplatelet and ant-anginal medications? |
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Definition
Antiplatelet: clopidogrel (plavix) and aspirin
Anti-anginal: beta - blockers (1st line), calcium channel blockers, nitrates, and sometimes ranolazine |
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Term
| The purpose of the anti-anginal agent and the first line choice |
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Definition
to keep the coronary arteries open, or vaso-dilated
Beta - blockers are first line
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Term
| There are two antiplatelet agents: clopidogrel and prasugrel. Which is used more and why? |
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Definition
Clopidogrel. Prasugrel (Effient) may be used but it is currently indicated for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) only, while clopidogrel has broader indications and, as an older agent, is in the clinical guidelines |
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Term
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Definition
Statement. Not a question.
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Term
| Aspirin should be cautiouslly used with what other agents? |
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Definition
| ototoxic agents (vancomycin) |
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Term
| What's the main precaution with clopidogrel? |
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Definition
| additive bleeding risk as described for aspirin |
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Term
| Is clopidogrel a prodrug? |
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Definition
Yes. It's metabolized in the liver to the active form that inhibits platelet aggregation. CYP 2C19 is the enzyme involved in the activation of clopidogrel |
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Term
| Name strong or moderate 2C19 inhibitors |
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Definition
| omeprazole & esomeprazole & fluconzaole |
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Term
| Which anti-anginal medication shouldn't be used in prinzmetal's angina? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Statement. Not a question. |
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Term
| Brand name for nitroglycerin SL tabs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Brand name for Nitroglycerin sublingual spray? |
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Definition
| Nitromist, Nitrolingual Pump Spray |
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Term
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Definition
| Statement. Not a question. |
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Term
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Definition
Contact EMS immediately if no relief is seen from one dose of sublingual NTG |
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Term
Ntroglyceirn tablets should be kept in the original amber glass bottle, which is kept tightly capped |
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Definition
| Statement. Not a question. |
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Term
| Should the Nitrolingual Pumpsray be primed prior to use? |
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Definition
Instruct patients to spray 5 times into the air to prime the pump the first time they use it and prim once if they have not used the medicine for 6 weeks or more. |
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Term
| What dosages does Nitostat come in and how to use it? |
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Definition
Nitostat tablets come in 0.3, 0.4, and 0.6 mg
Patients should place 1 tablet under the tongue and allow it to dissolve completely. Do not swallow the tablet |
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Term
| How to use Nitroglycerin Patches? |
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Definition
[image]
Note the "patch free" Interval! |
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