Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Chromosomal Mutations
Honors Biology Yost Notes
17
Biology
9th Grade
01/23/2012

Additional Biology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What are the five types of chromosomal mutations?
Definition
Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, Translocation, and Non-Disjunction
Term
Deletion
Definition
Involves the loss of part of a chromosome
Term
Duplication
Definition
Involves the production of extra copies of parts of a chromosome
Term
Translocation
Definition
When one part of a nonhomologous chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. Can be balanced or unbalanced, depending if the genetic material is lost or duplicated.
Term
Non-Disjunction
Definition
Means "not coming apart," when homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly during anaphase I of meiosis
Term
Robertsonian Translocation
Definition
Happens between two nonhomoacrocentric chromosomes (centromeres near the end)

Chromosomes break at centromeres

Long arms fuse and short arms are lost

Unbalanced are chromosomal deletion mutations
Term
Klinfelter's syndrome
Definition
Male with Two X chromosomes (XXY)
Term
Turner's syndrome
Definition
Trisomy 13
Term
Edward Syndrome
Definition
Trisomy 18

Chromosome 18 does not separate properly during meiosis.
Term
Down's syndrome
Definition
Trisomy 21
Term
Pericentric inversion
Definition
Includes the centromere
Term
Peracentric inversion
Definition
Does NOT include the centromere

(PERI, ends in I, INCLUDES)
Term
[image]
Definition
Deletion
Term
[image]
Definition
Duplication
Term
[image]
Definition
Inversion
Term
[image]
Definition
Nondisjunction
Term
[image]
Definition
Translocation
Supporting users have an ad free experience!