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| What are the five types of chromosomal mutations? |
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| Deletion, Duplication, Inversion, Translocation, and Non-Disjunction |
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| Involves the loss of part of a chromosome |
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| Involves the production of extra copies of parts of a chromosome |
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| When one part of a nonhomologous chromosome breaks off and attaches to another chromosome. Can be balanced or unbalanced, depending if the genetic material is lost or duplicated. |
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| Means "not coming apart," when homologous chromosomes fail to separate properly during anaphase I of meiosis |
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| Robertsonian Translocation |
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Happens between two nonhomoacrocentric chromosomes (centromeres near the end)
Chromosomes break at centromeres
Long arms fuse and short arms are lost
Unbalanced are chromosomal deletion mutations |
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| Male with Two X chromosomes (XXY) |
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Trisomy 18
Chromosome 18 does not separate properly during meiosis. |
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Does NOT include the centromere
(PERI, ends in I, INCLUDES) |
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