-symbol in Jewish apocalyptic teaching of a radically new age, in which people would live in harmony with God and with one another.

- the love of God and the love of the neighbor would be the ruling motivations.

-apostile to the Gentiles

 -mission was to convert the Gentiles before the end of the world.

-Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John

-reflect historical events and  the spiritual significance of these events

-Baptism

-Eucharist

70 CE

destroyed by Romans

led to two movements: the Pharisaic movement and the Nazarene movement

6th CE

-born into a wealthy family near Rome

-synthesized earlier practices into a written rule (the benedictine rule) of monastic life, which monks had to follow 

-French lawyer (1509-1564)

-reformist who believed that God has already decided the destiny of each person

-encouraged the removal of all statues and pictures from the churches; focus of calvinist service was the sermon

-60 million people

-series of books that opposed modernism and rejected the theory of evolution

-330

-changed capital of the Empire from Rome to Constantinople that cause split between theRoman Catholic Church in the West, and the Eastern Orthodox Church

-the week before easter

-stories of Jesus’ trial and death are recalled.

-month preceding christmas

-joyous

-began with Advent, whose stories evoked the second coming of Christ

-Martin Luther(1483-1546); led the rift 

-he believed that all Christians, guided by the Holy Spirit, ought to be able to read and interpret the Bible.

-  Luther taught that occupations can be used for the service of God; priests and monks are no holier than lay people, and the monastic life offers no greater promise for salvation than life in the world. Still the church had to order itself. 

-John Calvin

-exclusive authority of the Bible

-God already decided the destiny of each person

-Luther

-anyone was acceptable before God so long as they had faith in Christ who died for their sins

-16th c., Switzerland

-practiced adult believers’ baptism.

-stressed the need for believers to be baptized as a sign of their inner conversion

Ecumenical Councils

-(1) Council of Nicea (325) – Christ Is God (Nicene creed)

-(2) Council of Constantinople (381) – TRINITY: God is 1 being of 3 persons—Father, Son, Holy Spirit

-(3) Council of Chalcedon (451) – Christ if FULLY GOD and FULLY HUMAN 

Three major branches of Christianity

 -Catholic

   -Orthodox

     -Protestant 

Two major schisms

Society of Friends 

-known as quakers

-George Fox (1624-1691) in England

-those who came to the United states settled primarily in Pennsylvania

-late 19th c

-emphasize the legitimate place of emotion in Christian worship