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Christianity
Preparation for Exam #3
61
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 3
12/06/2010

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Advent (RC)
Definition
First liturgical season

Consists of the four Sundays preceding Christmas

Color is purple
Term
Agnus Dei
Definition
"Lamb of God"

Portion of the Latin mass said shortly before communion
Term
Anointing
Definition
To put oil on during a religious ceremony, often as a sign or sanctification or purification

Often used when a person is ill
Term
Apocrypha
Definition
Books written between Malachi and the Gospels

Part of the Greek version of the Old Testament, but not included in the Hebrew Bible

Catholics include these as part of their canon, while Protestants normally exclude them
Term
Apostle's Creed
Definition
Stated used only in the western catholic church

Three sections concerned with the Father, Jesus Christ, and Holy Ghost

We basically agree with its statements
Term
Atonement
Definition
Humanity's reconciliation with God through the sacrificial suffering and death of Christ
Term
Baptism
Definition
Sacramental rite

Either through sprinkling or immersion, admits a person to the Christian church
Term
Constantine
Definition
Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 AD made Christianity the official religion of the empire

In 330 moved his capital to Byzantium (Constantinople)
Term
Credo
Definition
Literally "I believe"

The title of the portion of the Latin mass which contains the Nicene confession of faith
Term
Crucifix
Definition
A model of the cross bearing an image of the crucified Lord
Term
Epiphany
Definition
Season on the liturgical calendar

Begins January 6

Color is Green

Celebrates:

- Baptism of Christ (Orthodox)
- Christ's manifestation to the non-Jewish world through the Magi (Catholic)
Term
Episcopal
Definition
System of Church government overseen by bishops
Term
Eucharist
Definition
Greek "Thanksgiving"

Holy Communion, the Lord's Supper, LDS Sacrament

Culmination of the mass service
Term
Filioque
Definition
Latin: "and from the Son"

A creedal statement that the Holy Ghost proceeds from the Son as well as from the Father (Catholic, not Orthodox)
Term
Gloria
Definition
Portion of the Latin mass

Gives praise to God

"Glory to God in the highest"
Term
Holy Orders
Definition
Ordination or acceptance of the full time religious life

the 7th Sacrament of Roman Catholicism
Term
Homoiousios
Definition
"Of Like Substance"

Term used by Arius and his followers (Arians)

NOT Catholic or orthodox doctrine
Term
Homoousios
Definition
"Of ONE Substance"

Term used in early Christian creedal statements to describe the trinity
Term
Kyrie
Definition
A portion of the Latin Mass

Greek: "Lord have mercy" (the only portion of the mass that's in greek)

Sinner asking for help
Term
Lent
Definition
The forty days before easter, excluding Sundays

Color is purple

Abstaining from festivals; almsgiving, devoting more time than usual to religious exercises
Term
Liturgical Calendar
Definition
1. Advent

2. Christmas

3. Epiphany

4. Lent

5. Easter

6. Pentecost

7. Trinity
Term
The Virgin Mary
Definition
Mother of Jesus
Especially honored by Roman Catholics, the chief Saint

-Immaculate conception
-Virgin birth
-Perpetual virginity
-Bodily assumption
Term
Neo-Platonic thought
Definition
Philosophical system of Plotinus, 200 CE

Ideas from Plato, applied to Christianity

Spirit is superior to matter; God is immaterial
Term
Penance
Definition
Private act between priest and parishioner:

- Confession
- Absolution
-Formal penance

Is considered a sacrament
Term
Pentecost
Definition
50 days after Easter, celebrates the coming of the Holy Ghost to the Church

Color is red
Term
Sanctus
Definition
Part of the mass

"Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of hosts"

Praise
Term
Transubstantiation
Definition
The catholic doctrine that the bread and wine of the eucharist literally become the body and blood of Christ in their essence
Term
Trinity
Definition
Doctrine that the Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost are one God of the same substance, yet in three manifestations that cannon be explained by mortals
Term
Beginning of the Reformation: When and with What?
Definition
1517 AD

Luther's 95 These nailed to the church door in Wittenberg, Germany
Term
John Calvin
Definition
French reformer and theologian, worked mostly in Geneva, Switzerland

Wrote "Institutes of the Christian Religion"
Term
Ecumenical Movement
Definition
Christ didn't want the church to be fractured

Efforts in the 20th century to unite denominations into one church, but doctrine and authority have been large stumbling blocks
Term
Martin Luther
Definition
Founder of the German reformation

Catholic priest, professor of moral philosophy and scripture at University of Wittenberg
Term
Episcopal
Definition
Denominations that are structured with bishops and priests that mediate

Examples:

The Church of England

Methodists
Term
Reformed
Definition
No need for people to mediate between you and Christ, scriptures are the ultimate authority

Examples:

Lutheran
Presbyterian
Congregational/United Church of Christ
Term
Independent
Definition
Many believe in adult baptism by immersion, pacifism, simple worship buildings

Examples:

Mennonites
Unitarian
Baptists
Term
Key dates for Eastern Orthodoxy
Definition
1054- Delegate from the Pope (Rome) and the Patriarch of Constantinople excommunicate each other; the split of eastern and western Christianity
Term
Key dates for Eastern Orthodoxy
Definition
1054- Delegate from the Pope (Rome) and the Patriarch of Constantinople excommunicate each other; the split of eastern and western Christianity

1204- Constantinople sacked by Crusaders; the actual, official split of eastern and western
Term
Antidoron
Definition
Bread blessed and distributed to the non-orthodox at the end of the liturgy
Term
Apophatic Theology (Orth)
Definition
Theology that defines things by what they are not
Term
Autocephalous (Orth)
Definition
"Having its own head"

A group with a leader who is subordinate to no superior authority.

Patriarchs, archbishops, metropolitans

Russia, Serbia, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece
Term
Autonomous
Definition
Orthodox churches that make most of their own decisions, but are smaller than Autocephalous groups
Term
Chrismation
Definition
Anointing with oil (Chrism) on specific parts of an infants body

Immediately following baptism
Term
Council of Nicea
Definition
Called by Constantine in 325 CE

Developed the Nicene Creed
Term
Energies
Definition
Evidences of God's influence in the world

People can know Him through these, but cannot know His essence
Term
Iconoclasts
Definition
Icon destroyers
Term
Iconodules
Definition
Icon venerators
Term
Iconostasis
Definition
A partition or screen on which icons are placed, separating the actual sanctuary from the main part of the church
Term
Icons
Definition
Two dimensional pictures of Christian persons or events which become spiritual windows

Teaching tools for the illiterate
Term
Metropolitan
Definition
Head of an ecclesiastical province (Orth)
Term
Patriarch
Definition
National head of an Eastern Orthodox church
Term
Septaugint
Definition
Greek version of the old testament, said to have been translated by 70 or 72 Jewish scholars at the request of Ptolemy II
Term
Synergy
Definition
Cooperation with God

Salvation through grace AND our best effort

Implies a belief in Agency, no original sin, and some confidence in human nature
Term
Theosis
Definition
To become a god
Term
Trinitarians
Definition
Three simultaneously co-existing persons in the Godhead, one in essence
Term
Modalists
Definition
One god who wears three different masks
Term
LDS view of the godhead
Definition
Three distinct beings who are one in love, will, and purpose
Term
Nicene Creed
Definition
325 CE

One, Three, visible and invisible, unknowable
Term
Constantinople 381
Definition
Holy Spirit proceeds from the Father
Term
Constantinople 681
Definition
Father and Son have separate wills
Term
Nicaea 787
Definition
Are icons acceptable?

Docetism: Christ only seemed to be human
Term
Council of Trent
Definition
Response to the Reformation
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