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| 1934 denounces Nazi supported Christianites |
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| Influenced Martin Luther King Jr., resist Nazis |
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| Renewal movement “Pure ones” (Albigensians) rigorous moral codes, led to inqusitions |
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| 14th and 15th Century rediscovery of Roman and Greek philosophy, society, grammar Jewish and Muslim wisdom |
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| 17th John Winthrop’s Protestant sermon. Massachusetts Bay |
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| Under God was added to pledge of allegiance, communism vs. capitalism |
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| di Santiago, pilgrimage site in North Spain |
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| 14th-16th reform movement in Catholic church saying the pope shouldn’t have final say |
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| 16th Council of Roman Catholic Church, number of reformations such as Scripture and Tradition, Original Sin, Justification, Sacraments, the Eucharist in Holy Mass and the veneration of saints |
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| 11th-13th Centuries efforts of Christians to reclaim the holy land from Muslims, Roman Catholics |
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| 1439 Florence between Greek Orthodox and Latin |
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| scholasticism, logical way of argument |
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| that there should be a single Christian Church |
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| 1598 Limited religious toleration for French Huguenots |
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| Protestant offshoot, popular in U.S. ‘born again’ |
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| Speaking in tongues, pentecostal |
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| 19th period of religious revival in American religious history |
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| 16th appeared in Juan Diego’s poncho Catholic icon |
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| (1928-present) Peruvian, founded Liberation theology |
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| 16th and 17th French Calvinists driven from France because of persecution |
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| destruction of religious icons, Byzantine and Muslim iconoclam |
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| Instillation of an incumbent in public office, Holy Roman Empire, papal controversy |
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| late 19th millenarian, restorationist |
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| 16th Absolute omnipotence and authority of God, Human depravity, Predestination, sanctification, scripture as word of God |
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| 1985 political struggle against apartheid is also religious |
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| 18th God is tied to happiness “If God did not exist, it would be necessary to invent Him” |
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| 17th Mohawk Indian from New York, converted to Christianity |
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| 19th Founded Latter day Saints |
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| 1960’s founded by Gustavo Gutierrez, Latin American movement, critique of economic arrangements, Marxism and Christianity, Justice |
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| communal religious act, Catholic Mass, worship |
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| Europe, political sovereignty driving reformatoin, Religion of the King is the religion of the state (cuius regio, eius religio) |
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| Scholastic theologian, atonement |
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| (1929-1968) Justice as goal of humanity, appeals to higher law than U.S. law |
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| 17th and 18th Jesuit China Mission, Servant of God |
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| 12th and 15th Christ will come bak and reign for 1000 years, Joachim of Fiore (bonfire of the vanities), Savonarola |
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| 14th century Vernacular texts, desire for union w/ God, ascetic practices, alternative to monastic life, emotional, soul |
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| 1555 cuius regio, eius religio |
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| 1648 ends 30 years’ war, grants limited tolerance to Catholics, Lutherans, and Calvinists |
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| personal experience of God through the baptism in the Holy Spirit, speaking in tongues |
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| Max Weber, Calvinist emphasis on the necessity for hard work as a component of a person's calling and worldly success and as a visible sign or result (not a cause) of personal salvation. |
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| Separation of church and state, adult baptism, ultimate religious authority is one’s individual relationship with God, following Christ, martyrdom |
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| 15th century new intellectual and cultural movement |
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| Purer Christianity can be salvaged by emulating the early Church, Anabaptists, Puritans |
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| Visible signs of God’s presence in the body of Christ, 1.Baptism 2.Confirmation 3.Penance 4.Eucharist 5.Marriage 6.Holy Orders 7.Last Rites |
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| 15th book burnings, Florence |
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| 15th and 16th German monk, founded reformation, 95 theses, translates new testament into German |
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| (1100-1500) method of learning taught by medieval academics in universities. Reconcile philosophy w/ Christianity, reason, logic |
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| In Alaska, first Russian Orthodox church in U.S. |
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| an ancient body of Christians in the southwestern state of India who trace their origins to the evangelical activity of Thomas the Apostle in the 1st century |
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| Roman Catholic, turning bread and wine into literal Jesus |
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| 1962-1965 Ne understandings of church, worship, theology, relations with other Christian and non Christian groups |
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| 18th and 19th Father of Modern Liberation Theology |
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| idea that some city is the successor to Rome and Constantinople (second Rome). Russian claims, Ottoman claims, etc |
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