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Christian Thought
Exam 2
84
Bible Studies
Undergraduate 4
10/21/2012

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Term
The Question being answered in the Doctrine of Creation:
Definition
What is the significance of God's creation of the world?
Term
Three main points to understand before studying the Doctrine of Creation:
Definition
1. It is a confession of faith.
2. It is based upon divine revelation.
3. It starts from the action of the triune God.
Term
6 implications of creatio ex nihilo:
Definition
1. God and creation are distinct.
2. God did not need to create the world.
3. God's act of creation was a free act.
4. God's act of creation was intentional and purposeful.
5. Creation is good and makes us relational.
6. Our existence is marked by grace from top to bottom.
Term
The fact that God and creation are distinct rules out which two heresies?
Definition
Pantheism and Emanationism
Term
Pantheism
Definition
Pantheism is the belief that everything composes an all-encompassing, immanent God, or that the Universe (or Nature) is identical with divinity.
Term
Emanationism
Definition
In Emanationism, all things are derived from the first reality or perfect God by steps of degradation to lesser degrees of the first reality or God, and at every step the emanating beings are less pure, less perfect, and less divine.
Term
The fact that God did not need to create the world rules out which heresy?
Definition
Panentheism
Term
Panentheism
Definition
In some forms of panentheism, the cosmos exists within God, who in turn "pervades" or is "in" the cosmos. While pantheism asserts that 'All is God', panentheism goes further to claim that God is greater than the universe. In addition, some forms indicate that the universe is contained within God.
Term
The fact that God's act of creation was intentional and purposeful rules out which heresy?
Definition
Gnosticism
Term
The fact that God's act of creation was intentional and purposeful rules out which heresy?
Definition
Gnosticism
Term
Gnosticism
Definition
Gnosticism is the thought and practice, especially of various cults of late pre-Christian and early Christian centuries, distinguished by the conviction that matter is evil and that emancipation comes through gnosis.
Term
The fact that relation is good and makes us relational rules out which heresy?
Definition
Deism
Term
Deism
Definition
Deism is the belief that reason and observation of the natural world are sufficient to determine the existence of a creator, accompanied with the rejection of revelation and authority as a source of religious knowledge. It likens God to a watchmaker setting a watch and letting it go.
Term
According to the Evangelical Declaration on the Care of Creation, how have we been sinfully degrading creation?
Definition
-land degradation
-deforestation
-species extinction
-water degradation
-global toxification
-the alteration of atmosphere
-human and cultural degradation
Term
The Question being answered in the Doctrine of Providence:
Definition
How does God relate to creation?
Term
What are the three categories of divine providence?
Definition
1. Preservation
2. Accompaniment
3. Government
Term
What are the four main views within the Accompaniment category of divine providence?
Definition
1. Determinism
2. Free Will Theism
3. Open Theism
4. Process Theism
Term
What are the two subcategories of Determinism?
Definition
1. Strict Determinism
2. Compatibilism
Term
To which creation heresy can strict determinism lead?
Definition
Panentheism
Term
Which providence views are deemed competitive?
Definition
Strict Determinism and Free Will Theism
Term
Which providence view is deemed non-competitive?
Definition
Compatibilism
Term
Strict Determinism
Definition
Simply put, the view that everything that happens, good or bad, is determined in advance by God, including the salvation or damnation of individuals.
Term
Compatibilism
Definition
Compatibilism is the belief that free will and determinism are compatible ideas, and that it is possible to believe both without being logically inconsistent.
Term
Free Will Theism
Definition
The belief that God does not determine our free will actions, but that he does foreknow them.
Term
Open Theism
Definition
The belief that God chooses not to foreknow our free will actions.
Term
Process Theism
Definition
The belief that God does not have the power to stop evil.
Term
A strict determinist's explanation for moral evil:
Definition
God acts through humans to glorify Himself, all actions lead to the the greater good.
Term
A strict determinist's explanation for natural evil:
Definition
God displays his attributes for his glory, two of which are judgement and mercy. Natural evil reminds us of the judgment we all deserve and his mercy in sparing us now and later.
Term
A Compatibilist's explanation for moral evil:
Definition
God and the human act. God is good while the human is sinful. God is sovereign, the human has free will; it's a mystery.
Term
A Compatibilist's explanation for natural evil:
Definition
There is a certain incomprehensibility to God. We should focus on what God has done to defeat evil in general.
Term
A Free Will Theist's explanation for moral evil:
Definition
Human acts can be contrary to God's will.
Term
A Free Will Theist's explanation for natural evil:
Definition
Natural Evil results from human sin.
Term
The Question being answered in the Doctrine of Theological Anthropology (Imago Dei):
Definition
What does it mean to be human?
Term
What are the three views of the relationship between the body, soul, and spirit?
Definition
1. Dualism
2. Monism
3. Psychosomatic Unity
Term
Dualism
Definition
Dualism claims that we are a soul in a body.
Term
Monism
Definition
Monism claims that we are only bodily creatures.
Term
Psychosomatic Unity
Definition
Psychosomatic Unity claims that a human being is body and soul.
Term
What are the three views of what it means to be made in the image of God?
Definition
1. The Substance View
2. The Functional View
3. The Relational View
Term
Imago Dei - The Substance View
Definition
We were given the capacity (a rational soul) to know God, which means the fall included the twisting of our minds.
Term
Imago Dei - The Functional View
Definition
We were given a commission (stewardship) to care for creation, which means the fall included the thwarting of our commission.
Term
Imago Dei- The Relational View
Definition
We were made to be in communion and community with God and other human beings, which means the fall resulted in broken relationships.
Term
What are the three main stances in the gender debate?
Definition
1. Patriarchal
2. Egalitarian
3. Complementarian
Term
The Patriarchal view on gender
Definition
Women are of a lesser being than men.
Term
The Egalitarian view on gender
Definition
Women are equal to mean, which means all roles are open to women.
Term
The Complementarian view on gender
Definition
Women are equal in being to men but not all roles are open.
Term
The Question being answered in the Doctrine of Sin:
Definition
What is the problem we are being saved from?
Term
What are the two different fundamental views of sin?
Definition
1. Sin as action
2. Sin as being (original sin, total depravity)
Term
Pelagianism
Definition
1. We start as a blank slate
2. We jump into sin because of bad examples.
3. Grace helps us climb out of the pit of sin toward Jesus.
Term
Augistine's view of sin
Definition
1. We start dead in our sins.
2. By God's grace, Jesus pulls us out of our sin.
Term
6 Theses on Sin
Definition
1. Sin is not about breaking rules.
2. All sin is against God.
3. Sin is enmity toward God.
4. The consequence of sin is death.
5. Sin cannot be recognized without grace.
6. God's grace is more powerful than human sin.
Term
6 Theses on Wrath
Definition
1. It is a reflection of his love and holiness
2. It is personal
3. It reveals the true depth of our sin.
4. It reveals the true meaning of salvation.
5. It signals our need for a mediator.
6. It will end for Christians.
Term
The Question that the Doctrine of Christology answers:
Definition
Who is Jesus Christ?
Term
Who is Jesus Christ?
Definition
He is one person in two natures without division, separation, confusion, or change.
Term
Docetism
Definition
The heretical view that Jesus only appeared to be human.
Term
Apollinarianism
Definition
The heretical view that says Jesus' "rational soul" was the Logos dwelling in man: think "God-in-a-bod".
Term
Nestorianism
Definition
The heretical view claiming that Jesus is both "truly human" and "truly divine" as the result of a moral union between two distinct subjects, the son of God and the Son of Man, each of whom retained their own will.
Term
Eutychianism
Definition
The heretical belief that Jesus is both "truly human" and "truly divine" because he was the hybrid of two natures - human and deity - in one person: the Son of God.
Term
What are the three main views on how many wills Jesus has?
Definition
1. Two wills/Two minds
2. Kenosis theory
3. Willed Non-Use theory
Term
Kenosis Theory
Definition
This theory states that Jesus gave up some of his divine attributes (emptied himself) while he was a man here on earth.
Term
Council of Nicea (325): Figures Involved
Definition
Arius, Alexander, Athanasius
Term
Council of Nicea (325): Issue Debated
Definition
Arianism
Term
Council of Nicea (325): Decision
Definition
Arianism is a heresy
Term
Council of Constantinople (381): Figures Involved
Definition
Gregory of Nazianzus, Eunomius
Term
Council of Constantinople (381): Issue Debated
Definition
Arianism, Apollinarianism
Term
Council of Constantinople (381): Decision
Definition
Arianism is a heresy
Term
Council of Ephesus (431): Figures Involved
Definition
Nestorius, Cyril of Alexandria
Term
Council of Ephesus (431): Issue Debated
Definition
Nestorianism
Term
Council of Ephesus (431): Decision
Definition
Nestorianism is a heresy
Term
Council of Chalcedon (451): Figures Involved
Definition
Eutyches, Pope Leo the Great
Term
Council of Chalcedon (451): Issue Debated
Definition
Eutychianism
Term
Council of Chalcedon (451): Decison
Definition
Eutychianism is a heresy
Term
Second Council of Constantinople (533) "The Cleanup Council": Figures Involved
Definition
Theodore of Mopsuestia, Emperor Justinian, Origen
Term
Second Council of Constantinople (533) "The Cleanup Council": Issue Debated
Definition
Theodore of Moepsuestia's writings (Nestorianism)
Term
Second Council of Constantinople (533) "The Cleanup Council": Decision
Definition
Theodore declared a heretic, his writings banned.
Term
Third Council of Constantinople (680): Figures Involved
Definition
Maximus the Confessor
Term
Third Council of Constantinople (680): Issue Debated
Definition
How many wills (minds) does Jesus have? Monothelitism - Jesus has one will.
Term
Third Council of Constantinople (680): Decision
Definition
Jesus has two wills (minds).
Term
Second Council of Nicea (787): Figures Involved
Definition
John of Damascus
Term
Second Council of Nicea (787): Issue Debated
Definition
Icons
Term
Second Council of Nicea (787): Decision
Definition
Veneration of Icons is acceptable, but not worship.
Term
Why did God become human?
Definition
For us and for our salvation. The "for us" means that Jesus showed us how to live, while the "for our salvation" refers to Jesus' death and resurrection.
Term
Eastern Orthodox tendency on the trinity
Definition
Threeness at the expense of oneness, subordinationism, tritheism
Term
Western tendency on the trinity
Definition
Oneness at the expense of threeness, modalism
Term
Orthodox view of the trinity
Definition
One in three/three in one, Three persons, each distinct from the others, one God, completely indivisible.
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