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Three leaders: Montanus, Priscilla and Maximilla.
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Emphasized being willing to die for God,
believed the church was too lax and
what you did with your body mattered.
Gnostisim was wrong,
believed in "new revelation" as in new things could be added to the bible.
Gender equality.
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| Montanist effects on the early Church |
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People gave more attention to the books of the bible because they wanted to double check what the Montanist were coming up with.
The gift of prophecy was devalued.
Female leaders were not though well of due to these female heretics.
Venal and moral sins became a fixed deal. |
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Means peace.
Writes about the nature of the church.
Thought everyone believed the same.
He stated the "best possible case". |
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| What Christians were believing in the beginning: |
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Jesus is God
Salvation is based on grace
Jesus is Messiah
Holy Spirit
Monotheism |
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| Early Church grew rapidly because: |
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| Trading, it caused alot of relationships to form. |
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| Romans helped spreading via: |
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Language, koine was the "market place greek" and was good for abstract ideas.
Roads, helped people to get to the important places faster.
Persecution, caused people to flee to other cities and spread religion. |
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| Christianity was for what kind of people? |
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| City people. The country folk didn't want outsider ideas and had no reason to change. |
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Illegal religion.
Took Christianity 250 years for it to become legal. |
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| Christian responses to growth: |
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| It happened rapidly by word of mouth. They needed organizations. |
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| Offered advice because they had Godly wisdom |
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| "How-to" book, collection of ideas from leaders |
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| Sharing bread and wine, didache talks about it as the "medicine of eternity". Viewed it as very necessary. |
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| Didache ask what type of water, amount of water, who can do it. Use most practical water the flows and immerse. If puddle or tank then sprinkle. |
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| Ignatius of Antioch wrote letters giving advice and support dealing with problems. |
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Writings to outsiders, effort to explain church beliefs to government type controls.
To gain a hearing for the new faith and show it was peaceful with Rome. |
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| Samaritan philosopher trained in greek philosophy and used it to explain Christianity. |
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City of Ephesis, hated Christianity and attacked it. Wrote "The True Word".
-Jesus was illegitimate son of Mary and a soldier
- Too many poor members
- Immorality, accused of being cannibals b/c they "eat the body of christ"
- Incest b/c they are brothers and sisters in Christ
- Too innovative against reliable religion |
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| In Christian thought its one that deviates from accepted belief. |
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| Who decides what heresy is in the early church? |
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-Early leaders, Peter and Paul
- Early writings, canonical and non canonical
- Early ideas accepted by the church
- Councils' decisions |
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Said they were Christians but believed gnostic ideas. (Syncretism- outside ideas incorporated into the church)
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-Matter is evil, Spirit is good
- Salvation comes only to those who God gives special knowledge
- God is all spirit, Jesus is matter and evil.
-Satan the demi-urge, created the world. (Didn't support old test.)
- Jesus was divine, not human. (Docetism)
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| Forced a defense of the faith against Heresies |
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| Sing again, sing over. All Roman gov. required you do against your faith. |
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Saints. Felicitas was a slave and example of most believers, Perpetua was ruling class. They died "well"- didn't cringe or try to get away. Accepted the law and it made people pay attention.
-For every christian that died in the arena, ten christians left. |
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| Reasons Christians were persecuted |
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Definition
-The refused allegiance to Rome
Kurios = divinity and they were supposed to call Cesar this and wouldn't.
- Threat to the status quo b/c it accepts everyone.
-Came from marginal masses, they could rebel
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Emperor while Paul was in Rome.
Declared persecution against Christians.
Thousands died and then he committed suicide. |
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| 250 first to call for emperor wide persecution |
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| burning books, but only new Testament Bishops, books, buildings |
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| Certificates of sacrifice |
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| Said they had betrayed the faith and shouldn't be back in. Saw church as a place for saints. |
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| Bishop of Rome. Said the church shouldn't judge whether or not the people had faith. Let back in if they proved it. |
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| Deals with problems inside the church. |
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| North African lawyer, became Christian as an adult, explained and defended Christianity |
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| Raised in Christian society, wrote from a background of knowledge. Rooted out heresy. Books are God breathed. Orthodox |
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Committed to Christianity, tried to re-explain trinity. God is one. One God called creator and then the redeemer, now the spirit. all same God. "sometimes ice, sometimes water"
Declared heresy |
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313 AD!!!
Says all religions can practice publicly if it doesn't hurt mankind. (Constantine) |
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