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| substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions. |
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| type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are sharedd |
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| negavitely charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus |
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| pure substance that consist entirely of one type of atom |
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| atom that has a positive or negative charge |
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| chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred fromone atomor another |
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| 1 of several forms of a single element, which contains the same amount of protons but a different amount then neutrons. |
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| smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound. |
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| the center of an atom, which contains the protons and neutrons |
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| compound that forms hydrogen ions in solution; a soluton with a ph less than 7 |
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| force of attraction between different kinds of molecules |
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| compound that produces hydroxide ions in solution; solution with a ph more than 7 |
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| compound that prevents sharp,sudden changes in Ph |
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| attraction between molecules with the same substance |
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| weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom. |
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| material composed of 2 or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined |
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| type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed |
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| dissolving substance in a solution |
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| substance that is dissovled in a substance |
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| mix of water and nondissolve material |
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| compound with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other end |
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| compound made out of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms |
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| macromolecule made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atims; inlcude fat, oils,and waxes |
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| small chemical unit that makes up a polymer |
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| macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphurus |
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| subunit of which nucleic acids are composed; made up of 5-carbon sugar, a phoshate group, and a nitrogenous base |
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| molecules composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules |
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| energy that is needed to get a reaction started |
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| substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction |
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| process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals |
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| elements of compounds produced by a chemical reaction |
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| elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction |
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| reactant of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction |
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Definition
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| what are the subatomic particles that make up atoms |
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Definition
| protons,neutrons, and electrons |
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| why do all isotopes of an element have the same chemical properites |
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Definition
| the same number of electrons |
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| what are the main types of chemical bonds |
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Definition
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| slight attraction that developes between oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules |
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| why is water able to form multiple hydrogen bonds |
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| what ability does polarity give to water |
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Definition
| to dissolve both ionic compounds and other polar molecules |
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| what do living things use as their main source of energy |
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| Chemical reactions that release energy often occur... |
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| on their own or spontaneously |
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| Chemical reactions that absorb energy will not occur without... |
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| what can affect the activity of enzymes |
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| temp., ph, and regulatory molecules |
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| basic unit of all forms of life |
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| fundamental concept of biology |
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| thin, flexible barrier that surrounds all cells; regulates what enters and leaves the cell |
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| organism whose cell contains a nucleus |
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| in cells; sstructure that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA |
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| unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus |
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| water channel protein in a cell |
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| process by which paticles tend to move from an area where there or more concentrated to an area where there are less concentrated |
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| process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels. |
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| when comparing 2 solutions, the solution with the greater concentration of solutes |
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| when comparing 2 solutions, the solution with the lesser concentration of solutes |
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| when the concentration of 2 solutions are the same |
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| diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
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| pressure that must be applied to prevent osmotic movement across a selectively preamble membrane |
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| relatively constant internal physical and chemical conditions that organisms contain. |
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| group of tissues that work together to perform closely related functions |
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| group of organs that work together to perform a specific function |
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| group of similar cells that perform a particular function |
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| What does the cell theory state |
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1. all living things are made of cells.
2. new cells are produced from existing cells |
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| what cells do not separate their genetic material within a nucleus |
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Definition
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| what cells do separate their genetic material within a nucleus |
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| What is the movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy called |
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| what is the movement of materials agains a concentration diffference is known as |
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| To maintan homeostasis, unicellular organisms groww... |
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| respong to the environment, transform energy and reproduce |
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| What becomes specialized for particular tasks and communucate with one another to maintain homeostasis |
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Definition
| the cells of multicellular organisms |
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