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Definition
| The ability to detect a stimulus and, perhaps, to turn that detection into a private experience. |
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| The act of giving meaning to a detected sensation. |
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| In philosophy, a private conscious experience of sensation of perception. |
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| The idea that the mind has an existence separate from the material world of the body. |
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| The idea that the only thing that exists is matter, and that all things, including the mind and consciousness, are the results of interaction between bits of matter. |
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| The idea that the mind exists as a property of all matter - that is, that all matter has a consciousness. |
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| The science of defining quantitative relationships between physical and psychological (subjective) events. |
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| two-point touch threshold |
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Definition
| Th minimum distance at which two stimuli are just perceptible as separate. |
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| Just noticeable difference |
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Definition
| The smallest detectable difference between two stimuli, or the minimum change in a stimulus that enables it to be correctly judged as different from a reference stimulus. |
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| The constant of proportionality in Weber's law. |
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| The principle describing the relationship between stimulus and resulting sensation that says the just noticeable difference is a constant fraction of the comparison stimulus. |
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| A principle describing the relationship between stimulus and resulting sensation that says the magnitude of subjective sensation increases proportionally to the logarithm to the stimulus intensity. |
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Definition
| The minimum amount of stimulation necessary for a person to detect a stimulus 50% of the time. |
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Term
| Method of constant stimuli |
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Definition
| A psychological method in which many stimuli, ranging from rarely to almost always perceivable (or VS) are presented one at a time. Participant respond to each presentation yes or no. |
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Definition
| A method in which the particular dimension of a stimlus, or the diff betwn two simuli, is varied incrementally until the participant responds differently. |
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Definition
| A method of limits in which the subject controls the change in the stimulus. |
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Definition
| A method in which the participant assigns value according to perceived magnitudes of the stimuli. |
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Definition
| A principle describing the relationship between stimulus and resulting sensation that says the magnitude of subjective sensation is proportional to the stimulus magnitude raised to an exponent. |
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Definition
| The ability to match the intensities of sensations that come from different sensory modalities. Help compare sensory diffs. |
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Definition
| An individual whose perception of taste sensation is the most intense. |
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Definition
| A theory that quantifies the response of an observer to the presentation of a signal in the presence of noise. Measures obtained from a series of presentations are sensitivity (d') and criterion of the observer. |
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Definition
| An internal threshold that is set by the observer. Above 'yes', below 'no'. |
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Term
| Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) |
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Definition
| the graphical plot of the hit rate as a function of te false-alarm rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. In hearing, a waveform for which variation as a function of time is a sine function, pure tone. 2. In vision, a pattern for which variation in a property like brightness or color as a function of space is a sine function. |
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Definition
| The time (or space) required for one cycle of a repeating waveform. |
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| 1. In vision, the relative position of a grating. 2. In hearing, the relative timing of a sine wave. |
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Definition
| When a signal is mathematically separated into component sine waves at different frequencies. |
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Definition
| The number of cycles of a grating per unit of visual angle (usually specified in cycles per degree). |
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Definition
| The number of pairs of dark and bright bars per degree of visual angle. |
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Term
| Doctrine of specific nerve energies |
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Definition
| Muller's doctrine that state sensation depends of which nerve fibers are stimulated, not how they are stimulated. |
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Definition
| Twelve pairs of nerves that originate in the brain and reach sense organs and muscles. |
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Definition
| First pair of cranial nerves |
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Definition
| The second pair of cranial nerves |
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Definition
| The third pair, Innervate all the extrinsic muscles of the eye except six and four. |
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Definition
| The fourth pair. Innervate superior oblique muscles of the eyeballs. |
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| The sixth pair. Innervate the lateral rectus muscle of each eye. |
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Definition
| Blending multiple sensory systems. |
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Definition
| The idea that there is a force in life that is distinct from physical entities. |
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Definition
| The junction between neurons and permits information transfer. |
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Definition
| Chemical substance used in neuronal communication at synapses. |
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| Electroencephalography EEG |
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Definition
| Uses many electrodes on the scalp. |
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Definition
| Measure of electrical activity from a subpopulation of neurons in response to many repeated stimuli averaged when using an EEG |
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Definition
| measure changes in magnetic activity across populations of many neurons. Like EEG |
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Definition
| An imaging tech that uses X-rays to crate images of slices through volumes of material. |
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| Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
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Definition
| An imaging tech that uses the responses of atoms to strong magnetic fields to form images of structures like the brain. and measure activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Measure response to oxygenated and deoxygenated blood to strong magnetic fields. |
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Term
| BOLD blood oxygen level-dependent signal |
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Definition
| The ratio of oxygenated to deoxygenated hemoglobin that permits the localization of brain neurons that are most involved in a task. |
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Term
| Positron Emission Tomography |
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Definition
| An imaging tech that enables us to define locations in the brain where neurons are specially active by measuring the metabolism of brain cells using safe radioactive isotopes. |
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