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Chp 7 (Med Term)
Urinary System
155
Medical
Undergraduate 1
06/30/2010

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Term
meat/o
Definition
meatus
Term
cyst/o
Definition
urinary bladder
Term
dips/o
Definition
thirst
Term
nephr/o
Definition
kidney
Term
albumin/o
Definition
albumin
Term
keton/o
Definition
ketone bodies
Term
pyel/o
Definition
renal pelvis
Term
ren/o
Definition
kidney
Term
glomerul/o
Definition
glomerulus
Term
azot/o
Definition
nitrogen
Term
urethr/o
Definition
urethra
Term
vesic/o
Definition
urinary bladder
Term
cali/o
Definition
calyx
Term
-tripsy
Definition
to crush
Term
ureter/o
Definition
ureter
Term
olig/o
Definition
scanty
Term
ket/o
Definition
ketone bodies
Term
bacteri/o
Definition
bacteria
Term
lith/o
Definition
stone
Term
calic/o
Definition
calyx
Term
ur/o
Definition
urine
Term
-uria
Definition
urination
Term
-poietin
Definition
substance that forms
Term
trigon/o
Definition
trigone
Term
py/o
Definition
pus
Term
urin/o
Definition
urine
Term
noct/i
Definition
night
Term
caliectasis
Definition
Dilation of a calyx
Term
caliceal
Definition
Pertaining to a calyx
Term
cystitis
Definition
Inflammation of the urinary bladder
Term
cystectomy
Definition
Removal of the urinary bladder
Term
cystostomy
Definition
New opening of the bladder to the outside of the body
Term
glomerular
Definition
Pertaining to a glomerulus
Term
meatal stenosis
Definition
Narrowing of the meatus (opening of the urethra to the
outside of the body)
Term
meatotomy
Definition
Incision of the meatus
Term
paranephric
Definition
Pertaining to near the kidney
Term
nephropathy
Definition
Disease of the kidney
Term
nephrolithotomy
Definition
Incision to remove a kidney stone
Term
nephrosclerosis
Definition
Hardening of the kidney (arterioles)
Term
hydronephrosis
Definition
Condition of excess fluid (water) in the kidney
Term
nephrostomy
Definition
New opening of the kidney to the outside of the body
Term
pyelolithotomy
Definition
Incision of the renal pelvis to remove a stone
Term
pyelogram
Definition
Record (x-ray) of the renal pelvis
Term
renal ischemia
Definition
Holding back of blood flow to the kidney
Term
renal colic
Definition
Kidney pain resulting from a stone in the ureter or kidney
Term
trigonitis
Definition
Inflammation of the trigone (area in the bladder).
Term
ureteroplasty
Definition
Surgical repair of a ureter.
Term
ureterolithotomy
Definition
Incision of a ureter to remove a stone
Term
ureteroileostomy
Definition
New opening between a ureter and the ileum (for removal of urine after cystectomy).
Term
urethritis
Definition
Inflammation of the urethra
Term
urethroplasty
Definition
Surgical repair of the urethra
Term
urethral stricture
Definition
Narrowing of the urethra
Term
perivesical
Definition
Pertaining to surrounding the bladder
Term
vesicoureteral reflux
Definition
Backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureters
Term
albuminuria
Definition
Protein in the urine
Term
azotemia
Definition
Nitrogen (increased amounts of nitrogenous wastes) in the blood
Term
bacteriuria
Definition
Bacteria in the urine
Term
polydipsia
Definition
Condition of increased thirst
Term
ketosis
Definition
Abnormal condition of ketones in the blood and body tissues
Term
ketonuria
Definition
Ketone bodies (acids and acetone) in the urine
Term
nephrolithiasis
Definition
Abnormal condition of kidney stones
Term
nocturia
Definition
Excessive urination at night
Term
oliguria
Definition
Scanty urination
Term
erythropoietin
Definition
Hormone secreted by the kidney to increase red blood cell formation in the bone marrow
Term
pyuria
Definition
Pus in the urine
Term
lithotripsy
Definition
Process of crushing a stone in the urinary tract
Term
uremia
Definition
Urea (urine) in the blood; a potentially fatal condition
Term
enuresis
Definition
Bedwetting (literally, “in urine”).
Term
diuresis
Definition
Condition of complete (excessive) urination
Term
antidiuretic hormone
Definition
Secreted by the pituitary gland and helps to reabsorb water
from the renal tubules back into the bloodstream.
Term
urinary incontinence
Definition
Inability to hold urine in the bladder
Term
urinary retention
Definition
Inability to release urine from the bladder
Term
dysuria
Definition
Difficult, painful urination
Term
anuria
Definition
No urine is produced
Term
hematuria
Definition
Blood in the urine
Term
glycosuria
Definition
Sugar in the urine
Term
polyuria
Definition
Excessive urination
Term
Renin
Definition
enzymatic hormone important in adjusting blood pressure
Term
Erythropoietin
Definition
hormone that stimulates the red blood cell production in bone marrow
Term
micturition
Definition
urination; voiding
Term
The combination of a glomerulus and a renal tubule is called a
Definition
nephron
Term
Approximately how many nephrons are in a kidney?
Definition
1 million
Term
All collecting tubules lead to the
Definition
renal pelvis
Term
small, cup-like regions of the renal pelvis
Definition
calices
Term
Enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus
Definition
Bowman capsule
Term
Tube for injecting or removing fluids
Definition
catheter
Term
Outer region
Definition
cortex
Term
Waste product of muscle metabolism
Definition
creatinine
Term
A chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water
Definition
electrolyte
Term
Passive process whereby some substances pass through a filter or other material
Definition
filtration
Term
Tiny ball of capillaries in the cortex of kidney
Definition
glomerulus
Term
Depression in the part of an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave
Definition
hilum
Term
micturition
Definition
Urination
Term
The functional unit of the kidney where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place
Definition
nephron
Term
Substance containing nitrogen and excreted in urine
Definition
nitrogenous waste
Term
Renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream
Definition
reabsorption
Term
Blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney
Definition
renal artery
Term
Central collection region in the kidney
Definition
renal pelvis
Term
Microscopic tube in the kidney in which urine is formed after filtration.
Definition
renal tubule
Term
Blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart
Definition
renal vein
Term
An enzymatic hormone synthesized, stored, and secreted by the kidney
Definition
renin
Term
An electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys
Definition
sodium (Na+)
Term
Triangular area in the urinary bladder in which ureters enter and the urethra exits.
Definition
trigone
Term
Major nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine
Definition
urea
Term
Tube leading from each kidney to the urinary bladder
Definition
ureter
Term
Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body
Definition
urethra
Term
A nitrogenous waste product excreted in the urine
Definition
uric acid
Term
Hollow muscular sac that holds and stores urine
Definition
urinary bladder
Term
Process of expelling urine.
Definition
urination
Term
Emptying of urine from the urinary bladder; urination or micturition
Definition
voiding
Term
-tripsy
Definition
to crush
Term
large amount of water in urine
Definition
Colorless urine
Term
Normal pH is
Definition
6.5 (slightly acidic)
Term
Protein test looks for
Definition
albumin
Term
indicates a leak in the glomerular membrane
Definition
albumin
Term
signals possibility of diabetes
Definition
Glucose presence in urinalysis
Term
reflects amounts of wastes and minerals
Definition
Specific gravity
Term
appear when the body breaks down fat
Definition
Ketone bodies
Term
abnormal particles
Definition
Sediment
Term
In a urinalysis, what does the test specific gravity reflect?
Definition
specific gravity compares the density of urine with that of water
Term
inflammation of the kidney due to infection and can lead to hypertension and renal failure if untreated
Definition
Glomerulonephritis
Term
collection of symptoms caused by excessive protein in the urine
Definition
Nephrotic syndrome
Term
a hereditary condition of progressive growth of cysts
Definition
Polycystic kidneys
Term
the inflammation of the renal pelvis and renal medulla and is the most common type of kidney infection
Definition
Pyelonephritis
Term
adult cancer of the kidney
Definition
Renal cell carcinoma
Term
a malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood and is an example of an eponym
Definition
Wilms tumor
Term
inadequate secretion or resistance of the kidney to antidiuretic hormone
Definition
Diabetes insipidus
Term
inadequate secretion or improper utilization of insulin
Definition
Diabetes mellitus
Term
A term that means frequent (voluntary) urination at night is
Definition
nocturia
Term
ARF
Definition
acute renal failure
Term
BUN
Definition
blood urea nitrogen
Term
CAPD
Definition
continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Term
CCPD
Definition
continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis
Term
CKD
Definition
chronic kidney disease
Term
CRF
Definition
chronic renal failure
Term
C&S
Definition
culture and sensitivity testing
Term
ESRD
Definition
end-stage renal disease
Term
IC
Definition
interstitial cystitis, chronic inflammation of the bladder wall
Term
KUB
Definition
kidney ureter and bladder
Term
PD
Definition
peritoneal dialysis
Term
PKU
Definition
phenylketonuria
Term
UA
Definition
urinalysis
Term
UTI
Definition
urinary tract infection
Term
VCUG
Definition
voiding cystourethrogram
Term
The abbreviation RP is associated with which of the following?
Definition
abbreviation is for retrograde pyelogram
Term
isch/o
Definition
to hold back; back
Term
-lithiasis
Definition
condition of stones
Term
-ectasis
Definition
stretching; dilation
Term
-lithotomy
Definition
incision for removal of a stone
Term
-poietin
Definition
substance that forms
Term
-ptosis
Definition
droop; sag
Term
-stomy
Definition
new opening (to form a mouth)
Term
-tripsy
Definition
to crush
Term
dys-
Definition
bad; painful
Term
dia-
Definition
complete
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