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Chp.6 Cell Structures/Function
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Biology
11th Grade
11/12/2006

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Term
Cell Theory
Definition
All living things are made up of cells & all living cells come from preexisting cells.
Term
Prokaryotes
Definition
Simplest cells that evolved first (bacteria).
Term
Eukaryotes
Definition
More complex cell then prokaryotes, evolved second, and have organelles.
Term
Plasma Membrane
Definition
Outer membrane of either types of cell (sack filled with everything).
Term
Phospholipid Bilayer
Definition
Structure of plasma membrane, hydrophilic outer surface and hydrophilic inner surface, fluid environment.
Term
Cytosol
Definition
Fluid of the cytoplasm.
Term
Nucleoid
Definition
Place with DNA floating in cytosol.
Term
Plasmids
Definition
Small circular molecules of DNA that carry exchangable genes.
Term
Nucleus
Definition
Houses DNA
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
In the nucleus, produces rRNA (ribosomes).
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Definition
Vast membrane that wraps around for more surface area.
Term
Rough ER
Definition
Studded with ribosomes (creates an extensive surface for ribosomes).
Term
Ribosomes
Definition
Produces protiens (not membrane bound).
Term
Golgi Apparatus
Definition
Packages quantities of molecules, labels it, sends it to another part of the cell.
Term
Lysosomes
Definition
Vesicles inside the cell that contain digestive enzymes.
Term
Peroxisomes
Definition
Enzymes inside the cell that nuetralize peroxide.
Term
Cytoskeleton
Definition
Infrastructure of cell that maintains shape.
Term
Cell Movement
Definition
Extensions from cell membrane that move cell around.
Term
Microvilli
Definition
Increase surface area of cell to have more room for change.
Term
Cilia
Definition
hundreds of thousands of little hairs that move through the environment.
Term
Flagella
Definition
Whiplike tail that propels cell through aquatic environment (sperm).
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