Term
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Definition
•Composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium, consisting of four distinct cell types and four or five layers |
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Term
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Definition
corneum
lucidum
granulosum
spinosum
basale |
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Term
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Definition
| acting as the body's major barrier against an inhospitable environment. It is the thinnest on the eyelids at .05 mm and the thickest on the palms and soles at 1.5 mm |
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Term
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Definition
| •Cell types include fibroblasts, macrophages, and occasionally mast cells and white blood cells |
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Definition
papillary layer
reticular layer |
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Definition
| dermal tearing (during pregnancy) also called “stretch marks” |
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Definition
| separation of epidermal/dermal layer by a fluid-filled pocket. Result of 2nd degree burn. |
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Definition
| abnormal proliferation of connective tissue during healing of skin wounds |
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Definition
•Subcutaneous layer deep to the skin
•Composed of adipose and areolar connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| what is the last layer of the epidermis to receive nutrients |
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Term
fibrous protein that helps give the epidermis its protective properties
stratum basale |
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Definition
| what is the function of keratin? where do we find it? |
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Term
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Definition
| where do your fingerprints come from |
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Term
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Definition
•Melanin – •Carotene –•Hemoglobin |
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Term
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Definition
•Widely distributed
•Most develop from hair follicles
•Become active at puberty
•secrete Sebum
•Oily holocrine secretion
•Bactericidal
•Softens hair and skin |
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Term
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Definition
•Filamentous strands of dead keratinized cells produced by hair follicles
•Contains hard keratin which is tougher and more durable than soft keratin of the skin
•Made up of the shaft projecting from the skin, and the root embedded in the skin
•Consists of a core called the medulla, a cortex, and an outermost cuticle
•Pigmented by melanocytes at the base of the hair |
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Term
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Definition
•Scalelike modification of the epidermis on the distal, dorsal surface of fingers and toes |
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Term
functions of the integumentary sytem
protection |
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Definition
chemical, physical, and mechanical barrier
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Term
skin cancer types
basal cell carcinoma |
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Definition
•Least malignant and most common skin cancer
•Stratum basale cells proliferate and invade the dermis and hypodermis
•Slow growing and do not often metastasize
•Can be cured by surgical excision in 99% of the cases |
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Term
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Definition
(only the epidermis is damaged Symptoms include localized redness, swelling, and pain
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Term
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Definition
downy coat of delicate hairs covering the fetus
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Term
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Definition
substance produced by sebaceous glands that protects the skin of the fetus in the amnion
white cheesy substance from sebaceous glands; protects skin in amnion
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Term
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Definition
accumulations in sebaceous glands on forehead and nose |
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Term
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Definition
| if patient has the front of both legs, the front of his torso and the front and back of one arm burned, what percentage of his body is burned? |
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Term
area Asymetrical
Border look weird
Color more tahn 1 color
Diameter bigger than a pencil eraser
Elevation |
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Definition
| your patient asks you to look @ a mole on her shoulder. what signs would cause concern |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
•Cell types include keratinocytes, melanocytes, Merkel cells, and Langerhans’ cells |
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Term
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Definition
– produce the fibrous protein keratin
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Term
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Definition
produce the brown pigment melanin
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Term
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Definition
| – epidermal macrophages that help activate the immune system |
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Term
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Definition
| function as touch receptors in association with sensory nerve endings |
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Term
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Definition
•Deepest epidermal layer firmly attached to the dermis
•Consists of a single row of the youngest keratinocytes
•Cells undergo rapid division, hence its alternate name, stratum germinativum |
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Term
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Definition
•Cells contain a weblike system of intermediate filaments attached to desmosomes
•Melanin granules and Langerhans’ cells are abundant in this layer |
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Term
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Definition
•Thin; three to five cell layers in which drastic changes in keratinocyte appearance occurs
•Keratohyaline and lamellated granules accumulate in the cells of this layer |
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Term
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Definition
•Thin, transparent band superficial to the stratum granulosum
•Consists of a few rows of flat, dead keratinocytes
•Present only in thick skin (palm and sole) |
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Term
Stratum Corneum
(Horny Layer) |
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Definition
•Outermost layer of keratinized cells
•Accounts for three quarters of the epidermal thickness
•Functions include:
•Waterproofing
•Protection from abrasion and penetration
•Rendering the body relatively insensitive to biological, chemical, and physical assaults |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Areolar connective tissue with collagen and elastic fibers
•Its superior surface contains peglike projections called dermal papillae
•Dermal papillae contain capillary loops, Meissner’s corpuscles, and free nerve endings
•Dermal ridges à epidermal ridges: fingerprints |
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Term
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Definition
•Accounts for approximately 80% of the thickness of the skin
•Collagen fibers in this layer add strength and resiliency to the skin
•Elastin fibers provide stretch-recoil properties |
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Term
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Definition
yellow to reddish-brown to black pigment, responsible for dark skin colors
•Freckles and pigmented moles – result from local accumulations of melanin
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Term
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Definition
| – yellow to orange pigment, most obvious in the palms and soles of the feet |
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Term
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Definition
| reddish pigment responsible for the pinkish hue of the skin |
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Term
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Definition
blue when deoxygenated blood due to heart failure or respiratory disorders
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Term
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Definition
– embarrassment, fever, hypertension, inflammation, allergy
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Term
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Definition
| fear, anger, anemia, low BP |
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Term
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Definition
yellow – liver disorder (bilirubin from bile)
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Term
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Definition
Addison’s, hypofunction of adrenal cortex
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Definition
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type of sweat glands
•Eccrine sweat glands |
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Definition
| – found in palms, soles of the feet, and forehead |
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Term
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Definition
| – found in axillary and anogenital areas |
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Term
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Definition
| modified apocrine glands in external ear canal that secrete cerumen |
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Term
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Definition
| – specialized sweat glands that secrete milk |
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Term
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Definition
•Helping to maintain warmth
•Alerting the body to presence of insects on the skin
•Guarding the scalp against physical trauma, heat loss, and sunlight |
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Term
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Definition
•
•Root sheath extending from the epidermal surface into the dermis
•Deep end is expanded forming a hair bulb
•A knot of sensory nerve endings (a root hair plexus) wraps around each hair bulb
•Bending a hair stimulates these endings, hence our hairs act as sensitive touch receptors
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Term
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Definition
pale, fine body hair found in children and the adult female
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Term
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Definition
| coarse, long hair of eyebrows, scalp, axillary, and pubic regions |
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Term
•True, or frank, baldness
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Definition
•Genetically determined and sex-influenced condition
•Male pattern baldness – caused by follicular response to DHT |
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Term
functions of the igumentary system
•Metabolic functions |
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Definition
– synthesis of vitamin D in dermal blood vessels
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Term
functions of the integumentary sytem
•Cutaneous sensation – |
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Definition
| exoreceptors sense temperature, touch and pain |
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Term
functions of the integumentary system
Body temperature regulation is accomplished by: |
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Definition
•Dilation (cooling) and constriction (warming) of dermal vessels
•Increasing sweat gland secretions to cool the body |
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Term
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Definition
| skin blood vessels store up to 5% of the body’s blood volume |
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Term
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Definition
| limited amounts of nitrogenous wastes and salt are eliminated from the body in sweat |
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Term
skin cancer types
squamous cell carcinoma |
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Definition
•Arises from keratinocytes of stratum spinosum
•Arise most often on scalp, ears, and lower lip
•Grows rapidly and metastasizes if not removed
•Prognosis is good if treated by radiation therapy or removed surgically |
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Term
skin cancer types
melanoma |
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Definition
•Cancer of melanocytes is the most dangerous type of skin cancer because it is:
•Highly metastatic
•Resistant to chemotherapy |
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Term
melanoma characteritics
A Asymmetry |
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Definition
| the two sides of the pigmented area do not match |
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Term
melanoma characteristics
B border |
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Definition
| : Border is irregular and exhibits indentations |
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Term
melanoma characteristics
C color |
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Definition
| (pigmented area) is black, brown, tan, and sometimes red or blue |
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Term
melanoma characteristics
•D: |
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Definition
| Diameter is larger than 6 mm (size of a pencil eraser) |
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Term
melanoma characteristics
elevation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
•– epidermis and upper regions of dermis are damaged
•Symptoms mimic first degree burns, but blisters also appear |
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Term
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Definition
•– entire thickness of the skin is damaged
•Burned area appears gray-white, cherry red, or black; there is no initial edema or pain (since nerve endings are destroyed) |
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