Term
| what are the four features of chordates? |
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Definition
| notocord, hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, and post anal tail |
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Term
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Definition
| a cord that runs down the length of the body and in most,develops into a backbone |
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Term
| what is the hollow nerve cord? |
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Definition
| a cord that is on the dorsal side and develops into the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
| what do most chordates show only during the embryo stage? |
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Definition
| post anal tail,hollow nerve cord, notocord, pharyngeal gill slits |
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Term
| what are to major groups on INVERTEBRATE chordates? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| can chordates be invertebrates? if yes, give 2 examples |
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Definition
| tunichates, and lancelets. ( show all features as adults) |
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Term
| what are the pharyngeal gills used for? |
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Definition
| respiration, located in throat of embryo |
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Term
| what are the features of vertebrate chordates? |
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Definition
| skull, vertebrate, endoskeleton, closed circulatory system and feeding adaptations |
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Term
| what are the features of fish? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what does 'ectothermic' mean? |
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Definition
| cold blooded, the body temp is externally regulated |
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Term
| what are the 3 groups of fish? |
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Definition
| bony, cartilaginous, and jawless |
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Term
| what are the features of the jawless fish? |
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Definition
| no hinged jaw, backbone=cartilage, ring of teeth in mouth |
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Term
| what are 2 examples of jawless fish? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the features of cartilaginous fish? |
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Definition
| backbone=cartilage, uncovered gill slits, no scales, lateral line |
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Term
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Definition
| allows the fish to feel vibrations in the water |
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Term
| why would it be a disadvantage to have uncovered gill slits? |
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Definition
| you would have to constantly be moving |
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|
Term
| what are 3 examples of bony fish? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are 3 examples of cartilaginous fish?> |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the features of bony fish? |
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Definition
| skeleton=bone, operculum, have scales, lateral line, swim bladder |
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Term
| what does the operculum do? |
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Definition
| covers gill slits, able to move water into the gills so the fish doesnt have to be moving |
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Term
| what is a swim bladder and what does it do? |
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Definition
| its an air sac and it acts and a balloon |
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|
Term
| what are other fish features? |
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Definition
| counter shading, closed circulatory system |
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Term
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Definition
| filters out blood and makes and secretes bile |
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Term
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Definition
| a "juice" that helps break down fatty food |
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Term
| what are the mandible and maxilla in fish? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
|
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Term
| how many chambers do fish hearts have? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is the purpose of the nictitating membrande? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| what does endothermic mean? |
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Definition
| body temp can be internally regulated and goes through homeostasis |
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Term
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Definition
| filters out waste from blood, regulates salt and water levels,produces urine |
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|
Term
| how many heart chambers do amphibians have? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how many heart chambers do reptiles have? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how many heart chambers do aves have? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| how many heart chambers do mammals have? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| which chordates have external fertilization? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which chordates have internal fertilization? |
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Definition
| reptiles, aves, and mammals |
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Term
| what is in the nervous system of fish? |
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Definition
| central nervous system, and the brain |
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Term
| what does the optic lobe do? |
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Definition
| interprets visual information from eyes |
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Term
| what does the olfactory lobe do? |
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Definition
| interprets smell information |
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|
Term
| what are the features of amphibians? |
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Definition
| tetrapods, life cycle, 3 chambered heart, sexual reproduction (similar to fish), ectothermic |
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|
Term
| what is the life cycle of amphibians? |
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Definition
| larva that lives in water, to adult who lives on land and has grown 4 limbs |
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|
Term
| what are the 3 major types of amphibians? |
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Definition
| frogs,salamanders, and caecilians |
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|
Term
| what are the external features of the frog? |
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Definition
| nares, nicitating membrane, tympanum |
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Term
|
Definition
| act as nostrils, take in air and release co2 and water |
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|
Term
| what is the tympanum used for? |
|
Definition
| hearing vibrations in air (hearing) |
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|
Term
| how do amphibians respirate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what do frogs use for defense? |
|
Definition
| camoflage (counter shading) and toxins |
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|
Term
| what do the "teeth" in amphibians do? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| in frogs, what does the pancreas do? |
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Definition
| makes insulin and digestive enzymes that are released into small intestines |
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|
Term
| what does the mesentary do? and what is it? |
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Definition
| prevents intestines from wrapping around other organs ( connected to small intestine. branches of tissue membrane |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| makes, stores and destroys red blood cells |
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|
Term
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Definition
| tube that carries: urine from kidneys, feces from intestines and egg/sperm from gonad to outside of body |
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Term
| what are the features that all reptiles, birds, and mammals share? |
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Definition
| amniotic egg, internal fertilization, water-tight skin (keratin, yolk sac |
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|
Term
| what features do reptiles all share? |
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Definition
| have scales, breathe with lungs, have amniotic egg, molt, 3-4 chambered heart, and the are ectoderms |
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Term
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Definition
| waterproof egg with shell, can be laid on land |
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Term
| what are some features that all aves, birds, share? |
|
Definition
| wings,scales on legs and feet, feathers, endothermic, 4 chambered heart, internal fertilization |
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|
Term
| what are features that help them fly? |
|
Definition
| hollow bones, reduction of internal organs, high metabolism, air moves into lungs when wings flap, high metabolism |
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|
Term
| what are 4 examples of aves (birds)? |
|
Definition
| cardinals, robins, hawks, ducks, robins |
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|
Term
| what are some examples of mammals? |
|
Definition
| humans, whales, dolphins, cats, bats, dogs |
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|
Term
| what are mammal features? |
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Definition
| endothermic, have mammary glands, have hair, breathe with lungs, have diaphragm, 4 chambered hearts, most give live birth |
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Term
| what are the 3 main gorups of mammals? |
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Definition
| placental, marsupials, monotremes |
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Term
| what is unique about the monotremes? and give an example. |
|
Definition
| only group that lay eggs, platypus |
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Term
| give 3 examples of marsupials. |
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Definition
| kangaroos, koala bears, opossums |
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|
Term
| give 3 examples of placentals. |
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Definition
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