Term
| MUSCARINIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS |
|
Definition
Diarrhea Urination (micturition)
Miosis (constricted pupils) Mucous
Bradycardia
Bronchorrhea/spasm/constriction
Emesis
Lacrimation
Salivation/Secretion/Sweating |
|
|
Term
| NICOTINIC SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS |
|
Definition
Weakness
Tachycardia
Fasciculation
Hypertension/Hyperglycemia
Mydriasis (less common |
|
|
Term
| SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS in Central Nervous System |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Parasympathetic Neuroeffector Junction |
|
Definition
Muscarinic
M1-M5 Neurons
M1 Gastric Parietal Cells (Increase HCl Secretion)
M2 Cardiac & Smooth Muscle
M3 exocrine glands, smooth muscle |
|
|
Term
Postganglionic Nerve of Sympathetic and Parasympathetic
Skeletal Muscle Motor End Plate |
|
Definition
| Cholinergic Receptor Locations (Nicotinic) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nicotinic and Muscarinic Receptors are both found here |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Indirect (Reversible and Irreversible) and Direct (resemble acetylcholine) acting affect M receptors and N receptors |
|
|
Term
| Direct acting cholinergic agonists general toxic effects |
|
Definition
| Flushing, sweating, bradycardia, Bronchoconstriction, GI distress, belching, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, salivation |
|
|
Term
| Bethanechol, Carbachol, Pilocarpine |
|
Definition
| Direct acting cholinergic agonists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indication – Urinary retention after surgery or postpartum
Contraindications – Physical obstruction, asthma and Peptic ulcers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indication – Only used topically as a miotic to decrease IOP
Can stimulate BOTH Muscarinic and Nicotinic receptors at PNS/SNS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indications - Glaucoma: IOP decreases in 1 hour
Tertiary amine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Increased intraocular pressure, degenerative process in the trabecular meshwork |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No abnormal resistance to aqueous humor outflow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Indirect Cholinergic agents
Prolongs duration of endogenous acetylcholine
Cause both Muscarinic and Nicotinic Stimulation |
|
|
Term
| Edrophonium, Physostigmine, Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine |
|
Definition
| Reversible anticholinesterases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clinical indication – diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
Quaternary Ammonium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tertiary Amine
Indications – Atony (Increases intestinal and bladder motility)
Treatment for anticholinergic overdose (atropine, tricyclics and phenothiazines); glaucoma
May cause convulsions in high doses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Quarternary ammonium
Clinical Indication – antidote for neuromuscular blockers and myasthenia gravis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Clinical Indication - Used for myasthenia gravis treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterases
Clinical Indication - Irreversible anticholinesterase used to treat glaucoma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Will reactivate cholinesterase, antidote to Cholinesterase Inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A M receptor antagonist, relieves the symptoms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Acronym for symptoms of a direct acting or indirect acting acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Sweating, Lacrimation, Urination, Diarrhea, Wheezing, Accommodation, Rinorrhea, Miosis, Fasiculations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sub categories:
Antimuscarinic - interrupts parasympathetic signals
Ganglionic Blockers - (Nicotinic blockers)
Neuromuscular Blockers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Block muscarinic receptors on the effector organs of the parasympathetic nervous system and on the sweat glands (exception from sympathetic system)
Symptoms are opposite those from acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Contraindications - Narrow angle glaucoma, Tachycardia, GI or GU Obstructive disease, Myasthenia gravis , Asthma (Atropine only) |
|
|
Term
| Atropine Sulfate, Scopolamine, Oxybutynin, Tolterodine, Ipratropium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GI - Antispasmodic agent for GI track and bladder - Reduces motility but not HCL secretion
Antidote for cholinergic agonists (organophosphate overdoses) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Motion Sickness - Topical patch used to treat motion sickness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Exerts direct antispasmotic effect on smooth muscle
Indication - Bladder instability and overactive bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Indicated for overactive bladder |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Indication – Bronchospasm associated with COPD and Rhinorrhea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No selectivity - block receptors on both the parasympathetic and sympathetic ganglia |
|
|
Term
| Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs |
|
Definition
| Indication – Surgery to produce complete muscle relaxation |
|
|
Term
| Tubocurarine, pancuronium, vecuronium |
|
Definition
Nondepolarizing blockers
Competitive blocker - action can be reversed by increasing concentration of acetylcholine with cholinesterase inhibitors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Depolarizing Agent
Attaches to nicotinic receptor and depolarizes the junction but remains on the receptor for a long time, noncompetitive |
|
|
