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Cholinergic drugs
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49
Other
Graduate
05/12/2009

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Cards

Term
Acetylcholine
Definition
Parasympathomimetic that acts at muscarinic and nicotinic receptors in muscle and autonomic ganglia. Is an agonist given after cataract surgery to test for miosis (Miochol EO)
Term
Methacholine
Definition
Parasympathomimetic that acts at muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. Is an agonist
Term
Carbachol
Definition
Parasympathomimetic that acts at muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. Is an agonist and is not metabolized by acetylcholinesterase
Term
Bethanechol
Definition
Parasympathomimetic that acts only at muscarinic receptors. Is an agonist and is not metabolized by acetylcholinesterase
Term
Cevimeline
Definition
Parasympathomimetic that acts only at muscarinic receptors. Is an agonist
Term
Pilocarpine
Definition
Parasympathomimetic that acts only at muscarinic receptors. Is an agonist
Term
Nicotine
Definition
Parasympathomimetic that acts at nicotinic receptors in muscle and autonomic ganglia. Is an agonist
Term
Atropine
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor. given as treatment for eating the wrong mushrooms
Term
Scopolamine
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor. Tx for motion sickness.
Term
Ipratropium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor.
Term
Glycopyrrolate
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor.
Term
Tropicamide
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor.
Term
Oxybutynin
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor.
Term
Benztropine Mesylate
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor. Tx of Parkinsonism.
Term
Trihexphenidyl-HCL
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the muscarinic receptor. Tx of Parkinsonism.
Term
Hexamethonium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in autonomic ganglion.
Term
Mecamylamine
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in autonomic ganglion. crosses BBB
Term
d-Tubocurarine
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle. stimulates histamine release - bronchospasm and inhibits nicotinic receptors in autonomic ganglia - hypotension. long acting
Term
Pancuronium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle. partially inhibits NE uptake. Renal/Hepatic elimination. inhibits muscarinic receptors of SA node and autonomic ganglia. long acting
Term
Vecuronium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle. Hepatic/Renal Elimination. intermediate acting
Term
Atracurium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle. Hoffman degredation and Plasma cholinesterase eliminated. Stimulates histamine release. intermediate acting
Term
Mivacurium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle. Plasma cholinesterase eliminated. Stimulates histamine release. short acting
Term
Rocuronium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle. eliminated by Hepatic/Renal mechanism. intermediate acting
Term
Succinylcholine
Definition
Agonist that has antagonistic effect at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle. Degraded by butyrlcholinesterase. stimulates histamine release, SA node muscarinic receptors and nicotinic receptors of autonomic ganglia. very short acting
Term
Benzoquinonium
Definition
Antagonist that acts at the nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle.
Term
Edrophonium
Definition
Reversible Anticholinesterase agent. directly stimulates nicotinic receptors. used to diagnose myasthenia gravis. rapid onset and short duration
Term
Physostigmine
Definition
Reversible Anticholinesterase agent. crosses BBB. used to treat Alzheimer's and Glaucoma
Term
Neostigmine
Definition
Reversible Anticholinesterase agents. direct action on nicotinic receptor in skeletal muscle
Term
Pyridostigmine
Definition
Reversible Anticholinesterase agent. longer duration of action
Term
Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP)
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. long acting used to treat glaucoma
Term
Echothiophate
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. long acting used to treat glaucoma
Term
Malathion
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. insecticide that is converted to active form in the body
Term
Parathion
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. insecticide that is converted to active form in the body
Term
Paraoxan
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. insecticide
Term
Fenthion
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. insecticide
Term
Dimpylate
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent.
Term
Soman
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. Nerve gas.  act on muscarinic and nicotinic and cross BBB
Term
Sarin
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. Nerve gas.  act on muscarinic and nicotinic and cross BBB
Term
Tabun
Definition
Irreversible Anticholinesterase agent. Nerve gas.  act on muscarinic and nicotinic and cross BBB
Term
Diacetyl monoxamine (DAM)
Definition
Cholinesterase Reactivators
Term
Pralidoxamine (2-PAM)
Definition
Cholinesterase Reactivators
Term
Darifenacin
Definition
Muscarinic receptor antagonists. Used for treatment of urinary incontinence.
Term
Solifenacin
Definition
Muscarinic receptor antagonists. Used for treatment of urinary incontinence.
Term
Tolterodine
Definition
Muscarinic receptor antagonists. Used for treatment of urinary incontinence.
Term
Diazinon
Definition
Irreversible Antcholinesterase. insecticide
Term
muscarinic receptor action on presynaptic neuron
Definition
inhibit Ach release, will predominate over nicotinic effect
Term
nicotinic receptor effect on presynaptic terminal
Definition
stimulates release Ach
Term
open angle glaucoma
Definition
due to excessive dilation of iris, leading to occlusion of the normal outflow of aqueous humor. Tx propine (epinephrine) accelerates outflow of aqueous humor and beta adrenegic blocker like Timolol to decrease production of aqueous humor
Term
closed angle glaucoma
Definition
due to dilation of pupil after emotional crisis. occurs rapidly and needs to be treated with Pilocarpine a parasympathomimetic
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