Term
| What is the function of cholesterol? |
|
Definition
Regulate fluidity of membranes
synthesize bile salts
synthesize sterol hormones |
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Term
| Where does the carbon for the synthesis of cholesterol come from? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Statin drugs target which enzyme? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Where does the reducing power come from for cholesterol synthesis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cholesterol is composed of how many carbons? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What is the rate limiting state in cholesterol synthesis |
|
Definition
HMG CoA -> Mevalonate
via HMG CoA Reductase |
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|
Term
| What transcription factor works to upregulate Cholesterol synthesis when cholesterol levels are low? |
|
Definition
| Sterol Response Element binding protein: SREBP2 |
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|
Term
| Insulin has what effect on cholesterol synthesis? |
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Definition
| Insulin upregulates cholesterol synthesis |
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|
Term
| Glucagon has what effect on Cholesterol synthesis? |
|
Definition
Down regulates it
via AMP-Kinase |
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|
Term
| Excess cholesterol has what effect on HMG-CoA Reductase? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Prenylation/Generanylation of proteins does what? |
|
Definition
| Anchors protein to membranes |
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|
Term
| What is particularly unique about the synthesis of cholesterol that is rarely seen in other physiologic reactions? |
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Definition
| Oxygen is used and retained in the synthesis of cholesterol |
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Term
| What key enzyme is involved in the synthesis of bile salts from cholesterol |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What enzyme is responsible for synthesizing HMG-CoA? |
|
Definition
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Term
| Metabolites of mevalonate and dietary cholesterol have what affect on HMG CoA reductase? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Decarboxylation of Mevalonate produces what compound? |
|
Definition
| 3-Isopentenyl pyrophosphate |
|
|
Term
| Isomerization of 3-Isopentenyl pyrophosphate produces what compound? |
|
Definition
| Dimethylally pyrophosphate |
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Term
| Condensation of dimethallyl-pp and isopentyl-pp produce which compound? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Condensation of Geranyl-PP and Isopentyl-PP give rise to which compound? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Why are the intermediates of cholesterol synthesis pyrophosphates? |
|
Definition
| During reaction give off inorganic phosphate and make sure reaction only goes in one direction |
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Term
| How is Squalene produced? |
|
Definition
| Two farnesyl-PP are condensed together |
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