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Ch. Nine
Medical Terms
211
Medical
12th Grade
04/15/2010
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Term
epi
 Definition
over, upon
Term
extra
 Definition
outside of, beyond, in addition to
Term
infra
 Definition
below, under
Term
sub
 Definition
under, below
Term
meta
 Definition
beyond, after occurring later in a series
Term
supra
 Definition
above; used with anatomic terms
Term
super
 Definition
above, used with English terms
Term
epigastric
 Definition
over the stomach
Term
epislenitis
 Definition
inflammation of the tissue over the spleen
Term
supralumbar
 Definition
above the lumbar region
Term
suprapubic
 Definition
above the pubic region
Term
suprarenal
 Definition
above the kidney
Term
hypo
 Definition
below
Term
chondr/o
 Definition
cartilage
Term
hypochondriac region
 Definition
region of the abdomen below the cartilage of the ribs
Term
hypogastric region
 Definition
abdominal region below the stomach
Term
epicystitis
 Definition
inflammation of the area over the bladder
Term
epinephritis
 Definition
inflammation (of the tissue) on the kidney
Term
epidermal
 Definition
(the tissue) upon the skin (outermost layer)
Term
epicranial
 Definition
the tissue covering the cranium
Term
episternal
 Definition
the area above the sternum
Term
epicardium
 Definition
the tissues of the heart
Term
meninges
 Definition
three-layered membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord
Term
pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater
 Definition
layers of the meninges
Term
subdural hematoma
 Definition
hemorrhage below the dura mater
Term
epidural hematoma
 Definition
hemorrhage upon the dura mater
Term
anesthesia
 Definition
blocks pain sensation
Term
extranuclear
 Definition
outside of or beyond the nucleus of a cell
Term
extrauterine
 Definition
outside of or beyond the uterus
Term
extra-articular
 Definition
outside of the joint
Term
extracystic
 Definition
outside the urinary bladder
Term
extradural
 Definition
outside the dura mater
Term
extracerebral
 Definition
outside of the cerebrum
Term
infrapatellar
 Definition
below or under the patella
Term
sublingual
 Definition
below the tongue
Term
subabdominal
 Definition
under the abdomen
Term
subaural
 Definition
below the ear
Term
subcutaneous
 Definition
below the skin
Term
infrasternal
 Definition
below the sternum
Term
suprasternal
 Definition
above the sternum
Term
infrasternal, subcostal
 Definition
under the ribs
Term
supracostal
 Definition
above the ribs
Term
metaphysics
 Definition
study of things beyond the physical or of the spirit
Term
metacarpals
 Definition
bones of the hand that are beyond the carpals
Term
metatarsals
 Definition
bones of the foot that are beyond the ankle
Term
metastasis
 Definition
when a disease spreads beyond its point of origin
Term
ultra-
 Definition
beyond or in excess
Term
ultrasonography
 Definition
process of making an image using ultrasound
Term
ultrasound
 Definition
used for therapy or diagnostic testing
Term
ultrasonic
 Definition
sound waves that are beyond audible frequencies
Term
ultraviolet (UV)
 Definition
light waves that are beyond the violet frequency
Term
intra-abdominal
 Definition
within the abdomen
Term
intra-
 Definition
within
Term
intracellular
 Definition
within the cell
Term
intrauterine
 Definition
within the uterus
Term
intravenous (IV)
 Definition
within a vein
Term
intraspinal
 Definition
within the spine
Term
intralumbar
 Definition
within the lumbar region
Term
intraarterial
 Definition
within an artery
Term
intracranial
 Definition
within the cranium
Term
intracystic
 Definition
within the bladder
Term
intradermal
 Definition
within the skin
Term
intraduodenal
 Definition
within the duodenum
Term
intrathoracic
 Definition
within the thoracic cavity
Term
contra-
 Definition
against
Term
contraindication
 Definition
against indication; not recommended under existing condition
Term
contraceptive
 Definition
pertaining to against conception
Term
contralateral
 Definition
against the side (physical location)
Term
trans-
 Definition
across or over
Term
transposition
 Definition
literally means placed across; when an organ is located on the other side of the body (from where it is normally found)
Term
cardiac transposition
 Definition
heart is on the right side of the body
Term
gastric transposition
 Definition
stomach is on the left side of the body
Term
transfusion
 Definition
blood is passed across or over from one person to another
Term
transvaginal
 Definition
across or over the vagina
Term
transrectal
 Definition
across or over the rectum
Term
transurethral
 Definition
across or over the urethra
Term
catheter
 Definition
flexible tubular instrument
Term
transcatheter therapy
 Definition
procedure for enlarging blood vessels
Term
retro-
 Definition
behind
Term
retrocolic
 Definition
behind the colon
Term
retromammary
 Definition
behind the breast or mammary gland
Term
retrosternal
 Definition
behind the sternum
Term
retroversion
 Definition
turning backward
Term
anteversion
 Definition
turning forward
Term
retroperitoneum
 Definition
space behind the peritoneum
Term
retroperitonitis
 Definition
inflammation of the peritoneum
Term
flexion
 Definition
bending or shortening a body part
Term
anteflexion
 Definition
bending forward
Term
retroflexion
 Definition
bending backward
Term
inversion
 Definition
turning upside down
Term
eversion
 Definition
turning inside outward
Term
aversion
 Definition
turning away from, avoidance
Term
anteversion
 Definition
turning toward the front, forward
Term
retroversion
 Definition
turning toward the back, backward
Term
convergence
 Definition
turning toward each other
Term
vertigo
 Definition
sensation of turning or spinning when you are standing still
Term
os
 Definition
abbreviation for oculus sinister, left eye
Term
sinistr/o
 Definition
left
Term
sinistral
 Definition
pertaining the left
Term
sinistrocardia
 Definition
displacement of the heart to the left
Term
sinistrocerebral
 Definition
pertaining to the left half of the cerebrum
Term
sinistromanual
 Definition
left-handed
Term
sinistropedal
 Definition
left-footed
Term
od
 Definition
abbreviation for oculus dexter, right eye
Term
dextr/o
 Definition
right
Term
dextrad
 Definition
toward the right
Term
dextral
 Definition
pertaining to the right
Term
dextrocardia
 Definition
displacement of the heart to the right
Term
dextrogastria
 Definition
displacement of the stomach to the right
Term
dextromanual
 Definition
right-handed
Term
dextropedal
 Definition
right-footed
Term
pod/o, ped/i
 Definition
foot
Term
podalgia, pedialgia
 Definition
foot pain
Term
podiatrist, podiatric assistant
 Definition
diagnose and treat disorders of the foot
Term
-iatrist
 Definition
specialist
Term
chirospasm
 Definition
spasm of the hand
Term
chir/o
 Definition
hand
Term
chiropractors (DC)
 Definition
use their hands to manipulate the body for therapy
Term
chiroplasty
 Definition
surgical repair of the hand
Term
ab-
 Definition
from or away from
Term
abduction
 Definition
movement away from the midline
Term
ad-
 Definition
toward
Term
adduction
 Definition
movement toward the midline
Term
addiction
 Definition
being drawn toward some habit
Term
adhesion
 Definition
formed when two normally separate tissues join together
Term
dia-, per-
 Definition
through
Term
peri, circum
 Definition
around
Term
periarticular
 Definition
around an articulation or joint
Term
pericolic
 Definition
around the colon or pertaining to around the colon
Term
peritonsillar
 Definition
around the tonsils
Term
periodontal
 Definition
pertaining to diseases of the support structures around the teeth
Term
perichondral
 Definition
around the cartilage
Term
periadenitis
 Definition
inflammation around a gland
Term
pericolpitis
 Definition
inflammation around the vagina
Term
perihepatitis
 Definition
inflammation around the liver
Term
pericardiectomy
 Definition
excision of tissue around the heart
Term
circumcision
 Definition
cuts around the foreskin of the penis
Term
circumocular
 Definition
around the eyes
Term
circumoral
 Definition
around
Term
circumscribed
 Definition
limited in space
Term
circumduction
 Definition
moving in a circular motion
Term
dia-
 Definition
through
Term
diathermy
 Definition
heating through
Term
diarrhea
 Definition
flowing through
Term
diaphoresis
 Definition
condition of profuse sweating
Term
diaphoretic
 Definition
adjective form of diaphoresis
Term
per-
 Definition
through
Term
perforate
 Definition
to puncture through or make a hole
Term
percussion
 Definition
striking through
Term
fus/o
 Definition
melting, flowing together
Term
infusion
 Definition
injecting fluids into a vein
Term
confusion
 Definition
disturbed orientation (time, place, person, understanding)
Term
effusion
 Definition
escape of fluid into a tissue, such as pleural effusion
Term
perfusion
 Definition
poruing over or through, such as passage of blood through a vessel to the tissues
Term
perfusionist
 Definition
operates a heart-lung machine during open heart surgeries
Term
infusion pump
 Definition
controls the drip rate of IV solutions
Term
percutaneous
 Definition
through the skin
Term
transluminal
 Definition
across the lumen
Term
angioplasty
 Definition
vessel repair
Term
paranephritis
 Definition
inflammation near the kidney
Term
parahepatitis
 Definition
inflammation near the liver
Term
paracystitis
 Definition
inflammation near the bladder
Term
parasalpingitis
 Definition
inflammation near the uterine tube
Term
paravaginal
 Definition
near the vagina
Term
parauterine
 Definition
near the uterus
Term
paralysis
 Definition
loss of muscle function and sensation
Term
paraplegia
 Definition
loss of sensation and muscle function of the lower body
Term
microcephalus
 Definition
abnormally small head, brain size is limited, results in mental retardation
Term
hydrocephalus
 Definition
fluid in the head
Term
microcyst
 Definition
very small cyst
Term
microcyte
 Definition
very small cell
Term
microcardia
 Definition
small heart
Term
microgram
 Definition
one-thousandth of a gram
Term
microsurgery
 Definition
surgery performed on minute structures using a microscope and small instruments
Term
macro-
 Definition
large
Term
macroscopic
 Definition
large enough to be seen with the naked eye
Term
macrocyte
 Definition
large cell
Term
macrocephalus
 Definition
abnormally large head
Term
macrocyst
 Definition
large cyst
Term
macrococcus
 Definition
very large coccus
Term
macroglossia
 Definition
condition of having a large tongue
Term
macrotia
 Definition
condition of having large ears
Term
macrorhinia
 Definition
condition of having a large nose
Term
macrodontia
 Definition
condition of having large teeth
Term
homo-
 Definition
same
Term
homoglandular
 Definition
pertaining to the same gland
Term
homothermal
 Definition
same body temperature
Term
homolateral
 Definition
same side
Term
hetero-
 Definition
means different
Term
heterophthalmia
 Definition
each eye is a different color
Term
homogenous
 Definition
pertaining to the same tissues throughout
Term
heterogenous
 Definition
pertaining to different tissues throughout
Term
semi-, hemi-
 Definition
half
Term
semiconscious
 Definition
half-conscious
Term
hemicardia
 Definition
presence of only half a heart
Term
hemigastrectomy
 Definition
removal of half the stomach
Term
hemiplegia, hemiparalysis
 Definition
paralysis of half the body (one side)
Term
semicomatose
 Definition
half-comatose
Term
con-
 Definition
with
Term
genit/o
 Definition
genitals
Term
congenital
 Definition
born with
Term
anomaly
 Definition
abnormality
Term
dis-
 Definition
to free from, separate, undo
Term
dissect
 Definition
cut a tissue or undo it
Term
inject
 Definition
introduce a substance into the body; usually through a needle
Term
stillare
 Definition
Latin for "to drop"
Term
instillation
 Definition
process of administering drops of medication (into the eye or ear)
Term
intolerance
 Definition
inability to tolerate various substances
Term
insomnia
 Definition
inability to sleep
Term
incontinence
 Definition
inability to control waste excretion
Term
incompatible
 Definition
not compatible
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