Term
| Amino acids that are no longer needed in the body are degraded and funneled into the TCA cycle by ___ and ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The fatty acids produced through hydrolysis of triacyglycerol are metabolized inside the mitochondria and eventually enter the TCA cycle via ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the course of the TCA cycle, oxidation reactions produce ____. |
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Definition
| Electron rich compounds (FADH2, NADH/H+) |
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Term
| Electron transport chain leads to ___, which produces ATP. |
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Definition
| Oxidative phosphorylation |
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Term
| The inner/outer mitochondrial membrane is permeable to small molecules. |
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Definition
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Term
| The inner mitochondrial membrane is highly folded and forms a boudary to the interior fluid called the ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Components of mitochondrial matrix |
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Definition
| Mitochondrial DNA and transcription/translation machinery |
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Term
| Mitochondria imports specific proteins from the ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Proteins for TCA cycle are found in the ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The _____ complex bridges glycolysis and the TCA cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pyruvate is transported from the cytosol to mitochondria by ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| During the TCA cycle, pyruvate is combusted, producing ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ultimately, the electrons from the TCA cycle are transferred to ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 enzymes in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex |
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Definition
E1 - pyruvate dehydrogenase E2 - dihydrolipoyl transacetylase E3 - dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase |
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Term
| Overall reaction of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex |
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Definition
| Pyruvate + HS-CoA --> Acetyl CoA and CO2 |
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Term
| Coenzymes involved in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex |
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Definition
| TPP, Lipomide, CoASH, FAD, NAD+ |
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Term
| Step 1 in the TCA cycle (Citrate sythase) is a ___ reaction. |
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Definition
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Term
| In step 2 of the TCA cycle (aconitase) is a ____ reaction. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the aconitase reaction, how is isocitrate formed from citrate? |
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Definition
| Changing the position of the -OH group |
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Term
| Step 3 of the TCA cycle (isocitrate dehydrogenase reaction) is a _____ reaction. |
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Definition
| Redox and non-hydrolytic cleavage |
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Term
| Step 4 of the TCA cycle (a-ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex) is a |
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Definition
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Term
| The Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex connects to the TCA cycle via ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Step 5 of the TCA cycle (Succinyl CoA Synthetase) is a coupled reaction between ___ and ___. |
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Definition
| hydrolysis of thioester bond in succinyl-CoA and addition of a phosphate to GDP to synthesize GTP |
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Term
| Step 6 of the TCA cycle is succinate dehydrogenase complex. This involves the reduction of succinate to ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Step 7 of the TCA cycle is fumarase, which adds to the double bond in ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Step 8 in the TCA cycle is Malate dehydrogenase, which oxidizes ____ and involves a ____ reaction. |
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Definition
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Term
| One TCA cycle releases ___ (#) CO2, thus there is complete oxidation of ___(#) Carbons during the cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the energy released from the redox reactions int he TCA cycle conserved? |
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Definition
| Reduction of 3 NAD+ and 1 FAD and phosphorylation of GDP. |
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Term
| Initiation of the TCA cycle requires _____ (compound). |
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Definition
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Term
| Regulation of the TCA cycle involves responses to ____ surplus and need. |
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Definition
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Term
| Regulation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex control teh amount of ____ added to the TCA cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| The electron transport chain consists of sequential ___ reactions. |
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Definition
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Term
| During electron transport, movement of electrons through the system is coupled to the unidirectional release of ___ into the space between the outer and inner mitochondrial membrane. |
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Definition
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Term
| The protons released during the electron transport chain are pumped back into the matrix through ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Energy to phosphorylate ADP to ATP is produced from... |
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Definition
| The pumping of electrons back into the mitochondrial matrix. |
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Term
| NAD & FAD are produced when? |
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Definition
| During the TCA cycle and during breakdown of fatty acids. |
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Term
| Coenzyme Q10 is also known as ___. The 10 stands for? |
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Definition
| Ubiquinone; the number of isoprenyl units |
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Term
| The heme group is cytochrom a and c have ____, the heme group in cytochrome b and c have ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Flow of electrons in electron transport chain |
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Definition
NADH --> Complex 1 --> Q --> Complex 3 --> cytc --> Complex 4 --> O2 Complex 2 also leads to Q |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Complex __(#) is for entry of electrons from NADH/H+. |
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Definition
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Term
| Complex __ is for transfer of electrons from FADH2 produced during the TCA cycle. |
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Definition
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Term
| Complex __ is for transfer of electrons from FADH2 produced during the breakdown of fatty acids. |
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Definition
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Term
| Complex __ is the component that transfers the electrons to O2. |
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Definition
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