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CHM-131-160 Unit Three
Chemical Equations and Classifications of Reactions
26
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
09/09/2012

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Term
Molecular/Covalent Compound
Definition
The smalles unit is a molecule, it is not made up of metals and it is electrically neutral.
Term
Molecular Formula
Definition
Tells us how many atoms of each molecule are in a molecule/covalent compound.
Term
Ionic Compound
Definition
Made of ions. When a group of ions have a charge, they are called polyatomic.
Term
Formula Weight
Definition
the weight of the ion
Term
Molecular Weight
Definition
the weight of the compound
Term
Anion
Definition
negatively charged ion
Term
Cation
Definition
positively charged ion
Term
percent composition
Definition
determining mathematically what the percent a certain element contributes to the total weight
Term
Combination Reaction
Definition
A + B = AB
Term
Decomposition Reaction
Definition
AB = A + B
Term
Combustion Reaction
Definition
hydrocarbon + O= H20 + CO2
Term
Single Displacement
Definition
AB + C = AC + B
Term
Double Displacement Reaction
Definition
AB + CD = AC + DB
Term
Double Displacement Reaction - Precipitation
Definition
when two (aq) yield an (aq) and a (s)
Term

Double Displacement Reaction - Gas Formation

Definition
When one of the products turns into a gas or decomposes into a gas.
Term
Double Displacement Reaction - Neutralization
Definition
Acid + Base = Water + Salt
Term
Properties of Acids
Definition
sour, react with metals and H2 gas
Term
Properties of Bases
Definition
bitter and don't react with metals
Term
Acids
Definition
increase H concentration
Term
Bases 
Definition
increase OH concentration
Term
the seven strong acids
Definition

Hydrochloric Acid - HCl

Hydrobromic Acid - HBr

Hydroiodic Acid - HI

Nitric Acid - HNO3

Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4

Chloric Acid - HClO3

Perchloric Acid - HClO4

Term

Alkali Metal Hydroxides

 

Definition

LiOH

NaOH

KOH

RbOH

CsOH

Term
Alkaline Earth Metal Hydroxides
Definition

Ca(OH)2

Sr(OH)2

Ba(OH)2

Term
Electrolyte
Definition

a substance forms ions in solution, then the solution conducts electricity

 

e.g. NaCl

Term
Nonelectrolyte
Definition
Does not form ions in solution.
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