丁

ding

male adult; fourth

丁等 fourth grade; 

人丁 population (lit. people + adult males); 壮丁 strong laborer

to efficiently hit a nail (丁) one needs a male adult with strength

扌

shou

打

da

strike, hit, beat; fight

hand (shou) + nail/man (ding)

strike a nail with a hand

火

huo

fire

A simple representation of fire as a shape.

灯

deng

lamp, light, lantern

traditional form 燈

电灯 "Electric light" (电 + 灯); 红灯 "Red light" (traffic signal)

台灯 "Desk lamp."

a fire (火) burning on top of a lampstand (丁) as a lamp

高

gao

high, tall

a large palace with a high large entrance

亭

ting

pavilion; kiosk

凉亭 a cool pavilion (often used for resting in the shade);

岗亭 guard booth / security post; 报亭 newspaper kiosk / newsstand

under a roof (亠), bellow a sheltering cover (冖), where a person (丁) could rest peacefully inside the pavilion (亭)

停

sting

to stop, to halt

停车 park a car; 停船 anchor a boat; 

停顿 hesitation (in speech/movement); 停止 terminate

暂停 to pause temporarily; 停电 power outage (lit. stop electricity)

A person (亻) sees a pavilion (亭) where he can stop (停) and take a break