斗

dou

to fight, tussle

Traditional character (鬥) looks completely different. But it has the same sound, and is used to mean ‘fight.’

禾

he

grain, cereal

rice plant

A rice stalk is a kind of a tree (木) that hangs its head (丿) as it ripens.

科

he

branch of study

科目 "subject; category"; 科律 "regulations"

Sorting grain (禾) into measured (斗) categories;

Harvested rice (禾) is measured with a measuring scale (斗) and is divided to each purpose such as tax, rent, and distribution of seeds. Became to signify the unit of division in tasks or study

米

mi

rice; meter

A cross (十) holds four grains (灬) of rice that fell from the harvest.

料

liao

to expect, to anticipate

material, ingredient

资料 – "data" or "resources."

rice (米) scooped (斗) as an ingredient of Mikado chocolates