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Ch. Five
medical terms
155
Medical
12th Grade
02/19/2010

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Term
tendonitis or tendinitis
Definition
inflammation of a tendon
Term
ten/o, tendin/o, tendon/o
Definition
3 combining forms for tendon
Term
tenalgia
Definition
tendon pain
Term
tendinoplasty, tenoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a tendon
Term
fascia
Definition
attaches muscle to muscle
Term
calcification
Definition
process of adding calcium to bones
Term
decalcification
Definition
process of losing calcium from the bones
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
deterioration of bone matrix, caused by calcium deficiency, heredity, hormonal changes
Term
open fracture
Definition
also called compound, bone protrudes through the skin
Term
pathologic fracture
Definition
diseased area that weakens bone
Term
craniomalacia
Definition
softening of the skull
Term
osteosarcoma
Definition
cancerous tumor of bone
Term
osteoma
Definition
hard outgrowth on a bone
Term
intercostal
Definition
between the ribs
Term
interchondral
Definition
pertaining to between the cartilage
Term
intercostal muscles
Definition
move the ribs during breathing
Term
rheumatology
Definition
research and application of new treatments for arthritis
Term
arthotomy
Definition
incision into a joint
Term
chondr/o
Definition
combining form for cartilage
Term
chondrodysplasia
Definition
defective development of cartilage
Term
osteochondrodysplasia
Definition
defective formation of bone and cartilage
Term
ten/o
Definition
combining form for tendon
Term
arthr/o
Definition
combining form for joint
Term
arthroscopy
Definition
process of looking into a joint with a scope
Term
osteoarthropathy
Definition
any disease involving bones and joints
Term
arthritis
Definition
inflammation of a joint
Term
rheumatism or rheumatoid arthritis
Definition
a form of arthritis that is characterized by inflammation, degeneration, and connective tissue changes
Term
rheumatologist
Definition
physician who specializes in arthritis disorders
Term
osteopathy
Definition
any disease of bones
Term
osteomalacia
Definition
softening of bone
Term
osteitis
Definition
inflammation of bone
Term
closed manipulation
Definition
movement of body part to cause bone ends to align without surgery
Term
internal fixation
Definition
holding a bone in place using screws or nails under the skin
Term
cost/0
Definition
ribs
Term
costectomy
Definition
excision of a rib or ribs
Term
costal
Definition
pertaining to the ribs
Term
osteochondritis
Definition
inflammation of the bone and cartilage
Term
chondrectomy
Definition
excision or surgical removal of cartilage
Term
plast/o
Definition
form, build, repair
Term
arthroplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a joint
Term
orthopedists
Definition
physicians who specialize in care of bone and joint diseases
Term
complete fracture
Definition
the break is through the width of the bone
Term
closed fracture
Definition
a break in which the skin is not broken; also called a simple fracture
Term
incomplete fracture
Definition
the break is not through the width of the bone
Term
external fixation
Definition
screws are attached to an external bar
Term
open manipulation
Definition
movement of a body part to cause bone alignment without surgery
Term
kyph/o
Definition
posterior curvature or humpback
Term
scoli/o
Definition
lateral or S-shaped curve (crooked)
Term
lord/o
Definition
anterior curvature or swayback
Term
thoracentesis
Definition
also called a thoracocentesis
Term
abdominocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture of the abdomen
Term
pleurocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture of the lung cavity to remove blood
Term
thorac/o
Definition
combining form for chest or thorax
Term
thoracolumbar
Definition
pertaining to the chest and lower back
Term
thoracopathy
Definition
any disease of the chest
Term
dentrifice
Definition
an instrument used for cleaning teeth
Term
dental hygienist
Definition
one who cleans teeth and takes x-rays
Term
orth
Definition
word root for orthos, means straight
Term
dent/o
Definition
combining form for teeth
Term
dentalgia
Definition
toothache
Term
dentoid
Definition
resembling a tooth
Term
supra
Definition
prefix for above, over, on the top side
Term
supralumbar
Definition
above the lumbar region
Term
supracostal
Definition
above the ribs
Term
thoracotomy
Definition
incision into the chest
Term
thoracocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture to remove fluid from a cavity
Term
-centesis
Definition
suffix for surgical puncture
Term
endodontist
Definition
treats disorders of dental pulp and the roots of the teeth
Term
lumb/o
Definition
combining form for lower back
Term
lumbar
Definition
adjective referring to lower back
Term
peri
Definition
prefix for around or near
Term
periodontal disease
Definition
affects the gums
Term
peridontist specializes in the treatment of
Definition
gums or gingiva
Term
odont/o
Definition
combining form for teeth
Term
orthodontist
Definition
specializes in straightening abnormally positioned teeth
Term
orthopedist or orthopaedist
Definition
physician who performs surgery on the skeletal system
Term
supracranial
Definition
surface of the head or on top of the skull
Term
pub/o
Definition
combining form for anterior pelvis
Term
pubes
Definition
plural of pubis
Term
acromi/o
Definition
combining form for acromion
Term
acromial
Definition
pertaining to the acromion
Term
acromiohumeral
Definition
pertaining to the acromion and the humerus
Term
acromioscapular
Definition
pertaining to the acromion and scapula
Term
femor/o, tibi/o, fibul/o
Definition
combining forms for femur, tibia, fibula
Term
femoraltibial
Definition
pertaining to the femur and tibia
Term
tibiofibular
Definition
pertaining to the tibia and fibula
Term
fibulocalcaneal
Definition
pertaining to the fibula and calcaneus
Term
carpometacarpal
Definition
pertaining to the wrist and metacarpals
Term
carpectomy
Definition
excision of part or all of the wrist
Term
meta-
Definition
prefix for beyond
Term
metacarpals
Definition
bones of the hand beyond the carpals
Term
radi/o
Definition
combining form for radius
Term
uln/o
Definition
combining form for ulna
Term
radioulnar fracture
Definition
fracture of both the radius and ulna
Term
carpal
Definition
pertaining to the wrist
Term
puborectal
Definition
pertaining to the pubis and rectum
Term
pelvimetry
Definition
test done to measure the size of the pelvis (pregnancy)
Term
pelvimeter
Definition
instrument used to measure the size of the pelvis (pregnancy)
Term
phalanges
Definition
bones of the fingers and toes
Term
phalang
Definition
word root for phalanges
Term
phalangitis
Definition
inflammation of the phalanges
Term
phalangectomy
Definition
excision or surgical removal of the phalanx
Term
cervical collar
Definition
used to immobilize the neck
Term
sacroiliac or iliosacral
Definition
joint between the sacrum and ilium
Term
sacrosciatic
Definition
pertaining to the sacrum and sciatic nerve
Term
coccygectomy
Definition
removal of the coccyx
Term
spondylitis
Definition
inflammation of one or more vertebrae
Term
spondylolisthesis
Definition
forward slippage of the lumbar vertebrae
Term
humer/o
Definition
combining form for humerus
Term
spondylosis
Definition
condition of the spine (general term)
Term
laminectomy
Definition
removal of the lamina
Term
myelogram
Definition
spinal x-ray
Term
diskectomy
Definition
removal of a herniated disk
Term
spondyl/o
Definition
combining form for vertebrae
Term
ischia
Definition
pleural form of ischium
Term
ischiorectal
Definition
pertaining to the ischium and rectum
Term
ischiopubic
Definition
pertaining to the ischium and pubis
Term
ischial
Definition
pertaining to the ischium
Term
cytometer
Definition
used to measure cells
Term
cephalometer
Definition
used to measure the size of the head
Term
thoracometer
Definition
used to measure the size of the chest
Term
cardiometer
Definition
used to measure the size of the heart
Term
bradykinesia
Definition
slowness of movement
Term
kinesialgia
Definition
pain during movement
Term
kinesiology
Definition
study of how the body moves
Term
IM
Definition
abbreviation for intramuscular
Term
condylar
Definition
pertaining to a condyle
Term
condylectomy
Definition
excision or surgical removal of a condyle
Term
condyloid
Definition
resembling a condyle
Term
epicondyle
Definition
above a condyle
Term
sternalgia
Definition
pain in the sternum
Term
xiph/o
Definition
combining form for xiphoid
Term
condyle
Definition
rounded process on a bone
Term
xiphocostal
Definition
pertaining to the xiphoid process and ribs
Term
stern/o
Definition
combining form for sternum or breastbone
Term
sternopericardial
Definition
pertaining to the sternum and pericardium
Term
sternocostal
Definition
pertaining to the sternum and ribs
Term
sternal
Definition
pertaining to the sternum
Term
calcanei
Definition
plural form of calcaneus
Term
cancane
Definition
word root for heel
Term
calcane/o
Definition
combining form for heel
Term
calcaneal
Definition
pertaining to the heel
Term
myolipoma
Definition
muscle and fat tumor
Term
myopathy
Definition
disease of the muscle tissue
Term
myasthenia gravis
Definition
disease characterized by weakness and loss of muscle tone
Term
myorrhexis
Definition
rupture of a muscle
Term
myodynia, myalgia
Definition
muscle pain
Term
myofibroma
Definition
fibrous muscle tumor
Term
leiomyoma
Definition
smooth muscle tumor
Term
myoid
Definition
resembling muscle
Term
myl/o
Definition
combining form for muscle
Term
myocardium
Definition
muscle of the heart
Term
myogram
Definition
muscle chart
Term
myograph
Definition
instrument used for measuring activity of a muscle
Term
myography
Definition
process used to measure activity in a muscle
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