Term
Which of the following drugs is an alkylating agent that works by cross-linking DNA to inhibit replication?
a. 5-fluorouracil
b. doxorubicin
c. cyclophosphamide
d. vincristine
e. prednisone |
|
Definition
c. cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide cross-links DNA to inhibit replication. In doing so, it decreases the circulating endothelial progenitor cells and increases antiangiogenesis factors. |
|
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Term
| T/F: cyclophosphamide is cell-cycle specific. |
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Definition
| False. It is cell-cycle nonspecific, though it typically won't work in a resting (G0) phase. |
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Term
| T/F: cyclophosphamide can be used in conjunction with prednisone for immune-mediated disorders. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following drugs has side effects characterized by sterile hemorrhagic cystitis? |
|
Definition
Cyclophosphamide
Other side effects include myelosuppression, mild alopecia, GI upset, and transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. |
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Term
| Where is cyclophosphamide metabolized? Where is it excreted? |
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Definition
Cyclophosphamide is metabolized in the liver, where the active metabolites (phosphoramide mustard and acrolein) react instantly with -OH, -SH, and amine groups.
Cyclophosphamide is excreted by the kidneys. |
|
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Term
Which of the following drugs is an anti-metabolite, pyrimidine analog, that is phosphorylated to block thymidylate synthetase reactions and inhibit DNA synthesis?
a. 5-fluorouracil
b. L-asparaginase
c. doxorubicin
d. cisplatin
e. vincristine |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Which drug(s) is/are fatal to cats? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reversible cerbellar ataxia in dogs is a side effect of which chemotherapy drug? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| T/F: 5-fluorouracil can cross the blood-brain barrier. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: 5-fluorouracil is cell-cycle specific. |
|
Definition
| True. 5-FU participates in S phase cell killing. |
|
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Term
Which drug works by topoisomerase II inhibition, resultig in DNA inter- and intra- strand breaks?
a. cyclophosphamide
b. 5-fluorouracil
c. carboplatin
d. doxorubicin
e. L-asparaginase |
|
Definition
d. doxorubicin
Doxorubicin intercalates between bases, resulting in DNA inter- and intra- strand breaks, forming stable complexes with DNA and inhibiting DNA replication/RNA transcription. |
|
|
Term
| T/F: doxorubicin is cell-cycle specific. |
|
Definition
| True. Doxorubicin is S phase specific. |
|
|
Term
| Which chemotherapeutic agent causes cardiotoxicity in dogs and can also act as an extreme vesicant? |
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Definition
|
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Term
Which of the following drugs is a plant alkaloid/antitubule agent that interferes with microtubule formation of the mitotic spindle?
a. vincristine
b. cyclophosphamide
c. doxorubicin
d. prednisone
e. tamoxifen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: vincristine is cell-cycle specific. |
|
Definition
| True. Vincristine is M phase specific. |
|
|
Term
| What is the drug of choice to treat transmissible venereal tumors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is 5-fluorouracil metabolized? |
|
Definition
| Reduction of the pyrimidine ring occurs in the liver. |
|
|
Term
| Where is vincristine metabolized? Where is it excreted? |
|
Definition
Vincristine is metabolized in the liver.
Vincristine is excreted in the bile. |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following drugs causes apoptosis without inflammation, suppresses antibody production, and decreases macrophage function by activation of transcription of death-specific genes or negative modulation of survival genes? a. doxorubicin b. cisplatin c. carboplatin d. prednisone e. tamoxifen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following drugs requires activation by the liver?
a. vincristine
b. prednisone
c. tamoxifen
d. L-asparaginase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: prednisone penetrates the blood-brain barrier. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Which of the following is an antitumor enzyme and is a bacterial enzyme expressed in E. coli?
a. L-asparaginase
b. tamoxifen
c. doxorubicin
d. 5-fluorouracil
e. cyclophosphamide |
|
Definition
a. L-asparaginase
L-asparaginase depletes extracellular L-asparagine and tumor cells cannot synthesize the amino acid, leading to protein synthesis. |
|
|
Term
| _______________ is considered the "silver bullet" against lymphoma. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which chemotherapeutic agent is typically very safe when given IM, but can occasionally cause an immediate hypersensitivity reaction, uncontrolled hemorrhage, and pancreatitis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: L-asparaginase is cell-cycle specific. |
|
Definition
| True. L-asparaginase acts in the G1 cell cycle. |
|
|
Term
| T/F: L-asparaginase alone is myelosuppressive. |
|
Definition
| False. L-asparaginase alone is not myelosuppressive, however it becomes myelosuppressive when combined with vincristine. |
|
|
Term
Which of the following drug combinations are platinum-containing compounds that act like alkylating agents, cross-linking DNA and inhibiting replication?
a. vincristine/doxorubicin
b. vincristine/L-asparaginase
c. cisplatin/carboplatin
d. prednisone/tamoxifen
e. 5-fluorouracil/vincristine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: cisplatin and carboplatin are cell-cycle phase specific. |
|
Definition
| False. Cisplatin and carboplatin are cell cycle phase nonspecific. |
|
|
Term
| Which drug(s) is/are suuitable for intracavitary and intratumor administration? |
|
Definition
Cisplatin
Carboplatin
5-fluorouracil |
|
|
Term
| Which drug causes a fatal fulminant pulmonary edema in cats? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____________ is the dose-limiting toxicity for use of cisplatin/carboplatin. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Which drug(s) can cause a heavy metal nephrotoxicity, and therefore should be administered with fluids? |
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Definition
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