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Chemotherapy Agents II
Chemotherapy Agents II
76
Pharmacology
Professional
09/07/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Brand name for rituximab?
Definition

Rituxan

 

Term
How does rituximab work?
Definition
CD-20 target on lymphocytes kills the cancer but also releases cytokines
Term
Where much rituximab infusions be given?
Definition

Infusions must be given in hospital or clinic since they can be fatal!

 

(there are A LOT of side effects associated with rituximab)

 

Term

Severe infusion reactions occur with rituximab normally when, and what should be given prior to rituximab infusions?

Definition

Severe reactions typically occur during the first infusion with time to onset of 30 - 120 minutes. Administer diphenhydramine and APAP prior to infusion

Term
How ford iodine 131 affect cells
Definition

Iodine 131 induces cellular damage by the formation of free radicals in the target and neighboring cells

Term

Cytokine release syndrome is associated with tositumomoab thus pretreat with what to decrease its occurance?

Definition
Premedication with acetaminophen and diphenhydramine.
Term

What kind of protective medication needs to be given prior to tositumomab?

Definition
Thyroid - protective iodine regimen
Term
What severe side effect is associated with Alemtuzumab?
Definition
severe-prolonged myelosuppression
Term
What is given as prophylaxis for Alemutuzumab?
Definition

TMP/SMZ and famciclovir for a minimum of 2 months or until CD4 counts are > 200 cells/liter

 

Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
How do platinum - based compounds work?
Definition
X-links DNA, leading to apoptosis
Term
Brand name for Cisplatin
Definition
Platinol
Term
Brand name for Carboplatin
Definition
Paraplatin
Term
Brand name for Oxaliplatin
Definition
Eloxatin
Term
Severe side effects associated with Cisplatin?
Definition

Nephrotoxicity - vigorous hydration and sometimes mannitol used to avoid renal failure; electrolyte wasting requiring magnesium and potassium supplementation. Amifostine (Ethyol) may also be used prophylactically.

 

Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
How do Vinca Alkaloids work?
Definition
Inhibit microtube function (destabilizers)
Term
Brand name for Vincristine
Definition
Vincasar
Term
Brand name for Vinblastine
Definition
Velban
Term
 Brand name for Vinorelbine
Definition
Navelbine
Term
with vincristine, nerve damage is associated with?
Definition
cumulative (dose-dependent)
Term
With vinca alkaloids, vesication occurs when what happens and how to treat?
Definition

Vesication occurs when extravasated, treat with injections of hyaluronidase and moderate heat

Term

How are vinca alkaloids administered?

[image][image][image][image]

Definition

IV only; Do not administer intrathecally - fatal

 

Term
what side effect is common with vincristine?
Definition
alopecia
Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
How do purine analog antimetabolites work?
Definition
Inhibit purine synthesis
Term

Which of the purine analogs undergo extensive first pass metabolism in the liver by xanthine oxidase. And how does allopurinol hinder this?

Definition

6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). Allopurinol inhibits its first metabolism thus resulting in a raise in 6-MP bioavailability by 400 to 500%.

 

 

Term

The dose of 6-MP should be increased or decreased when given concomitantly with allopurinol?

Definition
Dose reduction
Term
When a drug has myelosuppression as a side effect what is the prophylaxis given?
Definition

trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis against Pneumocytsis jiroveci

Term

[image]

 

Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
How do primidine analog antimetabolites work?
Definition
inhibit pyrimidine synthesis
Term
Brand name for fluorouracil
Definition
5-FU
Term
What is Efudex
Definition
topical formulation of 5-FU for wrinkles
Term
What Carac
Definition
topical formulation of 5-FU for psoraisis
Term

When 5-FU is given for chemo, what should also be given to increase efficacy?

Definition
leucovorin
Term
What kind of deficiency can increase risk of 5-FU toxicity?
Definition
dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency
Term
What is capecitabine
Definition

prodrug of 5-FU, it's taken PO with meals

 

Term
Brand name for Capecitabine
Definition
Xeloda
Term
What drug does capecitabine seriously affect?
Definition

Capecitabine increases INR up to 91% due to 2C9 inhibition; required decreased warfarin dosage/INR monitoring

Term
Brand name for Gemcitabine
Definition
Gemzar
Term
How is Gemcitabine administered?
Definition
IV
Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
How to Hypomethylating agents work?
Definition

Restore normal function to genes (DNA) that are critical for differentiation and proliferation

Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
How do taxanes work?
Definition

Taxanes inhibit microtubule function and angiogenesis (dyfunctional microtubule bundling)

Term
Brand name for Paciltaxel
Definition
Taxol
Term
Brand name for Paciltaxel albumin-bound
Definition
Abraxane
Term
What's so special about Abraxane?
Definition
less HSN rxns, does not require pre-medication
Term
The pre-treatment for paciltaxel
Definition

Pre-treat with:

 

dexamethasone

diphenhydramine

H2-blocker

[image][image][image][image]

Term
Brand name for Docetaxel
Definition
Taxotere
Term
serious side effect with Docetaxel?
Definition
cardio-pulmonary: Fluid retention
Term
the pre-treatment for docetaxel
Definition

Pretreatment with:

 

dexamethasone 8mg BID x 3 days starting the day prior to docetaxel

[image][image][image][image]

Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
Name a topoisomerase II inhibitor
Definition
Etoposide
Term
Brand name for Etoposide
Definition
VePesid
Term
Name topoisomerase I inhibitors
Definition
Irinotecan & Topotecan
Term
Brand name for Irinotecan
Definition
Camptosar
Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term

What significant drug interaction do all tyrosine kinase inhibitors have?

Definition

all the TKIs have significant drug interactions with the CYP 450 system especially 3A4

 

Term
Brand name for erlotinib
Definition
Tarceva
Term
Brand name for Imatinib
Definition
Gleevec
Term
how to take erlotinib
Definition
PO, 1 hr before, 2 hr after meal
Term
How to take Imatinib
Definition
PO, with water and full meal, NO grapefruit juice
Term

Tyrosine Kinase inhibitos respod better to what type of lung cancer?

Definition
K-ras wild type lung cancer
Term

which populations have higher incidence of K-ras wild type genetics?

Definition

K-ras wild type in Asians and light smokers or non-smokers

Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a question.
Term
How does bleomycin work
Definition
intercalcating agent blocking topoisomerase II
Term
the most common side effect associated with bleomycin
Definition
Pulmonary reactions (10%)
Term
Brand name for hydroxyurea
Definition
Hydrea
Term
How is hydroxyurea used
Definition
used as a debulking agent in leukemia and in sickle cell disease
Term
How does hydroxyurea work?
Definition
inhibits the conversion of ribonucelotides to deoxyribonucleotides
Term
Brand name for aresenic trioxide
Definition
Trisenox
Term
how does arsenic toxide work?
Definition
induces terminal differentiation of cells or apoptosis
Term
serious side effect of arsenic?
Definition

QT-prolongation: monitor ECG, avoid concurrent QT prolonging agents, keep Mg+ and K+ within normal range

Term
[image]
Definition
Statement. Not a quesiton.
Term
What is Sipuleucel-T (Provenge)
Definition
[image]
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