Term
| What portion of body water is in intracellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What portion of body water is in extracellular fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What portion of extracellular fluid is in plasma? |
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Definition
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Term
| What portion of extracellular fluid is interstitial fluid? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two factors affect the distribution of body water? |
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Definition
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Term
| what regulates movement of fluid between interstitial space and intracellular space through cell wall? |
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Definition
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Term
| what regulates movement of fluid between plasma and interstitial space through capillary wall? |
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Definition
| osmolality and hydrostatic blood pressure |
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Term
| In hypotonic fluid loss, what is lost? |
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Definition
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Term
| in isotonic fluid loss, what is lost? |
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Definition
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Term
| What part of the body responds to water deficit? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two things does the hypothalamus do in response to water deficit? |
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Definition
| activates thirst sensation, secretes ADH |
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Term
| What kind of IV would you use to increase blood volume? |
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Definition
| albumin or plasma expander |
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Term
| what disorder of volume excess doesn't cause edema formation? |
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Definition
| SIADH- syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion |
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Term
| What are the two disorders of volume excess that cause edema formation? |
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Definition
| nephrotic syndrome, congestive heart failure |
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Term
| Which causes more serious problems- sodium depletion or water depletion? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the most abundant cation in extracellular fluid? |
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Definition
| sodium- 90% of all extracellular cations |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three causes of hypernatremia? |
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Definition
| decreased water intake, increased water loss, osmotic diuresis |
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Term
| In renal hypernatremia, what happens to urine osmolality? |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to urine osmolality in extrarenal hypernatremia? |
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Definition
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Term
| which is more common, hypernatremia or hyponatremia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes hyponatremia in conjunction with volume depletion? |
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Definition
| vomiting, diarrhea, diuretics |
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Term
| what causes hyponatremia in conjunction with euvolemia? |
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Definition
| psychogenic polydypsia, SIADH |
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Term
| What causes hyponatremia in conjunction with volume excess? |
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Definition
| congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome |
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Term
| What condition would you see pseudohyponatremia? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| elevated potassium in blood |
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Term
| what could cause pseudohyperkalemia? 4 things |
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Definition
| increased platelet count, increased wbc count, hemolysis, ischemic blood draw |
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Term
| which has higher potassium, serum or plasma? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| decreased potassium in blood |
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Term
| In the ion-selective electrode method for measuring potassium, what kind of membrane binds potassium? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the effect of HCO3 loss on chloride? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the effect of HCO3 excess on chloride? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the effect of compensated respiratory acidosis or metabolic alkalosis on chloride? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the formula for anion gap? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the normal range for anion gap? |
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Definition
| 10-20 or 7-16 if not using K |
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Term
| What does increased anion gap indicate? |
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Definition
| presence of increased concentration of anions other than HCO3 and Cl. |
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Term
| What does decreased anion gap indicate? |
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Definition
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