Term
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Definition
| substance that forms a sour solution in water, because of the formation of the hydrogen ions, has a pH of less than 7 |
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Term
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Definition
| number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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Term
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Definition
| unit of matter, smallest unit of an element, having all the characteristics of that element |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that forms a bitter solution in water, because of the formation of hydroxide ions, as a pH of more than 7 |
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Term
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Definition
| temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas (100 degrees Celsius) |
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Term
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Definition
| determination of the approximate age of an object, by measuring the amount of carbon-14 it contains |
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Term
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Definition
| property used to characterize materials in reactions that change their identity |
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Term
Chemical change
(Chemical reaction) |
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Definition
| any process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, creating a new substance |
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Term
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Definition
| relation stating that the relative masses of elements are fixed in a given chemical substance |
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Term
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Definition
| representation of a substance using symbols for its elements |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that consists of atoms/ions of 2 or more different elements, cannot be separated by physical means |
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Term
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Definition
| to make a solution less diluted, stronger |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which heat or electricity is transmitted through an object or between objects in direct contact |
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Term
| Conservation of Matter/Energy |
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Definition
| neither energy or matter can be lost or destroyed |
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Term
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Definition
| circular motion that occurs in a heated fluid, as hot fluid rises and cooler fluid sinks |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical bond between nonmetals, where electrons are shared |
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Term
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Definition
| an object's mass divided by it's volume |
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Term
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Definition
| to lessen the force, strength, or purity of a mixture |
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Term
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Definition
| acting of dissolving, or separating into parts, weaken |
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Term
| Electromagnetic Radiation |
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Definition
| waves of energy that can travel through a vacuum, includes: radio waves, infrared waves, visible light, ultraviolet light, gamma rays, and x-rays |
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Term
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Definition
| subatomic particle that is negatively charged and outside the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| substance composed of atoms having identical number of protons in the nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical formula that indicates the relative proportions of the elements in a molecule rather than the actual number of atoms of the elements |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical reactions that require and absorb energy |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chemical reaction that produces and releases energy |
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Term
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Definition
| splitting of an atomic nucleus, releasing large amounts of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the joining of atomic nuclei to form heavier nuclei, releasing enormous quantities of energy |
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Term
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Definition
| time required to convert 1/2 of a reactant to product |
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Term
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Definition
| form of energy associated with the motion of atoms and the capability of being transmitted through solid and fluid media |
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Term
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Definition
| charged particle, caused by the gaining or losing 1 or more electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical bond between metal and nonmetal, transfer of electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| different atoms of the same element with the same atomic number but different mass numbers, due to different number of neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| way of representing atoms or molecules by showing electrons as dots surrounding the element symbol, 1 bond is represented as 2 electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of matter an object has |
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Term
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Definition
| anything that has mass and takes up space |
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Term
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Definition
| group of elements, on the left side of the Periodic Table, they lose electrons when they become ions, are generally hard, shiny, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity |
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Term
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Definition
| composition of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined and capable of being separated |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of substance that contains as many atoms, molecules, ions, or other units as the number of atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12 |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical formula that shows the number and kinds of atoms in a molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| smallest particle of a substance |
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Term
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Definition
| an uncharged particle found in the nucleus with a mass equal to a proton |
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Term
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Definition
| located on the right side of the Periodic Table, gains electrons, poor conductors of heat and electricity, several are gases |
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Term
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Definition
| reaction based on splitting or fusing the atomic nuclei, releasing vast energy |
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Term
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Definition
| the positively charged central portion of an atom that comprises nearly all of atomic mass and that consists of protons and neutrons |
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Term
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Definition
| table showing all the known elements based on their atomic numbers, arranged into periods and groups based on common properties and electron arrangement |
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Term
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Definition
| property used to characterize physical object (description of the object) |
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Term
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Definition
| change from 1 state to another, or characteristic, without changing their identity |
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Term
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Definition
| result of a chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| particle in the nucleus of an atom with a positive charge and the atomic mass of 1 |
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Term
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Definition
| waves of energy that can travel through a vacuum |
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Term
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Definition
| when an unstable nucleus decays, emitting subatomic particles and radiation |
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Term
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Definition
| substance that is at the beginning of a chemical reaction |
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Term
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Definition
| the quality, condition, or degree of being soluble or solvable |
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Term
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Definition
| homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| form of matter with a uniform chemical structure; is either an element or compound |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of the average kinetic motion of particles in an object |
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Term
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Definition
| heat energy based on the motion of molecules and atoms in a substance |
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Term
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Definition
| measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a chemical solution on a scale of 0 to 14 |
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