Term
| Heinsberg uncertainty principle |
|
Definition
| you cannot exactly know the position of an electron at any time |
|
|
Term
| What did DeBroglie discover? |
|
Definition
| electrons travel as waves around the nucleus |
|
|
Term
| What did De Broglie suggest about electrons? |
|
Definition
| they have a motion confined to the space around the nucleus |
|
|
Term
| What did Schrodinger discover/ |
|
Definition
| the quantum model theory and the probability model |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a 3-D region around the nucleus where an electron resides, idicates the probable location of an electron |
|
|
Term
| what are quantum numbers? |
|
Definition
| they specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals, they are the "address" of an electron |
|
|
Term
| what is the principle quantum number? |
|
Definition
| it indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron, the 1st number in the "address", n=# of the energy level (1= 1st energy level, etc.) |
|
|
Term
| what is the angular momentum quantum number? (azimuthal) |
|
Definition
| it indicates the shape of the orbital, tells the sublevel, l=0 for an s sublevel, (p) l=1, (d) l=2, (f) l=3 |
|
|
Term
| what is the magnetic quantum number? |
|
Definition
| indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus, tells the orbital |
|
|
Term
| what is the spin quantum number? |
|
Definition
| indicates the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital, two possible values (+1/2 or -1/2), the way the electron spins in an orbital |
|
|
Term
| what is the Aufbau principle? |
|
Definition
| states that an electron occupies the lowest energy level orbital that it can recieve |
|
|
Term
| what is the Pauli exclusion principle? |
|
Definition
| states that no two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| states that when filling a sublevel, each orbital must have one electron before you double up |
|
|
Term
| what is an electron configuration? |
|
Definition
| putting the electrons in orbitals, levels, and sublevels |
|
|
Term
| how do you write electron configurations? |
|
Definition
| fill lower energy levels before higher energy levels with as many electrons as you have |
|
|
Term
| what is an orbital diagram? |
|
Definition
| a picture of energy levels, sublevels, and orbitals using arrows for electrons |
|
|
Term
| how do you do electron configurations for ions? |
|
Definition
| add or subtract the number of electrons in the charge from the atomic number of the element |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a negative ion formed by adding electrons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a positive ion formed by subtracting electrons |
|
|
Term
| what is the highest occupied level? |
|
Definition
| the electron-containing main energy level with the highest principle quantum number |
|
|
Term
| what are inner-shell electrons? |
|
Definition
| electrons that are not in the highest occupied energy level |
|
|
Term
| what is noble-gas configuration? |
|
Definition
| an outer main energy level fully occupied, in most cases, by 8 electrons |
|
|
