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chemistry vocabulary
vocabulary-terms to know
21
Science
8th Grade
02/27/2014

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Term
diatomic molecules
Definition
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, bromine, chlorine, iodine
DEF-a molecule consisting of two atoms
Term
heterogeneous mixture
Definition
A mixture in which pure substances are unevenly distributed throughout the mixture
EX-damp soil
Term
homogeneous mixture
Definition
A mixture in which substances are evenly distributed throughout the mixture
EX-sugar water
Term
reactant
Definition
A starting substance in a chemical reaction: a substance that changes or reacts in a chemical reaction
Term
equilibrium
Definition
A condition in which a system is experiencing no net charge: where opposing forces are balanced
Term
conduction
Definition
The transfer of energy (heat) from one particle to another as a result of contact
Term
concentration
Definition
The amount of solution dissolved in a measure of solvent
Term
product
Definition
A substance produced in a chemical reaction
Term
catalyst
Definition
A substance that causes or accelerates a chemical reaction
Term
Law of conservation of mass
Definition
The principle that the total amount of matter is neither created or destroyed during any chemical or physical change
Term
precipitate
Definition
An insoluble product of a reaction
Term
endothermic reaction
Definition
A chemical reaction that absorbs heat from its environment
Term
exothermic reaction
Definition
A chemical reaction that releases heat from its environment
Term
bond energy
Definition
The measure of bond strength in a chemical bond
Term
covalent bond
Definition
A chemical bond formed by the sharing of one or more electrons, especially pairs of electrons, between atoms.
Term
ionic bond
Definition
The bonding between a non-metal and a metal, that occurs when charged atoms (ions) attract after one loses one or more of its electrons,and gives it to the other molecule
Term
temperature
Definition
A measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance
Term
compression
Definition
The decrease of gas volume as a result of applied force.
Term
expansion
Definition
The increase of volume due to increased kinetic energy of particles.
Term
contraction
Definition
Decrease of volume due to decreased kinetic energy of particles.
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
Energy of motion
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