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| property used to characterize materials in reactions that change their identity |
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| substance resulting from the combination of two or more elements |
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mass per unit volume
ratio of the mass of a substance to its volume, |
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| pure substance that cannot be changed into asimpler form of matter by any chemical reaction |
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| Homogeneous Mixture (solution) |
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| a measure of the quanity of matter making up an object |
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| Is anything that has mass and occupies space |
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| 1 liter (L) = _________Milliliters (ml) |
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| 1 liter (L) = 1000 Milliliters (ml |
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| Two or more materials stirred together in which each substance retains its own idenity |
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| any process involving a substance's change from one state (gas, liquid, solid) to another without alteration of the chemical composition |
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| property used to characterize matter and energy and their interactions |
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| 1 type of substance definite composition cant be separated by physical processes |
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| Scientific notation is a way to represent numbers that are too large or too small to be written in the standard decimal notation. |
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| Weight or mass of a single atom-same as a atomic number |
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| weight or mass of a single atoms |
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| weight or mass of a single atom (the same as mass#, because most of the height of an atom is found in the electrons |
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| weight or mass of a single atom (the same as mass #, because most of the height of an atom is found in the electons etc. |
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| highly reactive metallic elements located in Group 1 of the periodic table |
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| the reactive metallic elements located in Group2 of the periodic table |
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| an ion with a negative charge |
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| an ion with a positive charge |
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| tiny negatively charged subatomic particle moving around the nucleus of an atom |
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| any of the possible energies an electron may have in an atom |
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| a vertical column of elements in the periodic table |
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| the highly reactive elements located in group 17 of the periodic table |
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| an atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained one or more electrons and therfore has a net electric charge |
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| any atoms haaving the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
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| the elements that are good conductors of heat and electricity located on LEFT side of stair step |
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| a neutral subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom |
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| the unreactive gaseous elements located in Group 18 of the periodic table |
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| the elements that are usually poor conductors of heat and electricity |
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| a region in an atom where there is a high probability of finding electrons |
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| a horzontal row of elements in the periodic table |
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| a positively charged subatomic particle in the nucleus of an atom |
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| the metallic elements located in groups 3-12 of the periodic table |
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| an electron in the outermost energy level of an atom |
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314.721
significant figures |
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0.001775
significant figures |
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| 4 significant figures (place-holding zeroes are not significant |
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7.9303
significant figures |
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Physical or Chemical
spoiling milk |
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Physical or Chemical
salt dissolving in water |
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0.0091
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20.02
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| 4 significant numbers zero's between non 0 significant |
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200.740
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6051.00
significant figures |
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0.0005
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0.1020
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0.001775
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| 4 significant figures place holding zero's are not significant |
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7.9303
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0.0091
significant figures |
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| defined to be all the digits in a number representing data or results that are known with certainity plus one uncertain digit |
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| is a measure of the ability of an atom to attract electons in a chemical bond. Elements with increase electro negativity have a greater ability to attract electrons |
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| is a perferred term for a bond made up of unequal shared electron pairs |
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| sharing of electon pair of two atoms. Ex H2 |
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| is the force of attraction between any 2 atoms in a compound |
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| transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another |
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| are ions consisting of a single atoms Ex: H , Na or K |
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| are composed of 2 or more atoms bonded together |
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| Are compunds characterized by covalent bonding |
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| In which three pairs of electrons are shared by 2 atoms is very stable |
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measure of the quanity of matter
remains constant despite changes in temperature and pressure.
Equipment used is balance to determine mass |
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| What are the diatomic molcules (name the diatomic 7) |
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| consists of 2 atoms of the same element per molecule Hydrogen gas H2 |
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| where electrons move around |
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| Electrons Move___the _____ |
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| Electrons Move around the nucleus |
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| Electrons are ______charged |
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| Electrons are negatively charged |
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| Electrons are ____, but they cover a _____ |
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| Electrons are tiny , but they cover a lot of space |
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| Electron occupy ______around the nucleus |
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| Electron occupy shells around the nucleus |
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| The nucleus is the _____of the atom |
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| The nucleus is the center of the atom |
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| Protons are ______charged |
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| Neutrons have ______charge |
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| The nucleus has a _______charge |
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| The nucleus has a positive charge |
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Physical or Chemical
freezing ice cream |
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Physical or Chemical
boiling an egg |
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Physical or Chemical
Decaying of food |
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| a change that alters only the state or appearance of a substance but not its chemical composition |
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| a unit of volume equal to 10-3 L or 1 cm3 |
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| a state of matter in which atoms or molecules are packed close to one another in fixed locations with definite volume |
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| the science that seeks to understand the behavior of matter by studying the behavior of atoms and molecules |
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| a measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms or molecules that compose a sample of matter |
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| standard quanities used to specifiy measurement |
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| when drawing Lewis structures, a _____represents one of several possible formations of a molecule |
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| a single atom with a positive or negative charge |
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| for a simple molecule, consisting of only two atoms, what is the only shape possible |
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| bonds are formed by sharing or transfering electrons in order to become like a noble gas according to |
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| the geometry around a centeral atom is due to the repulsion of electron pairs according |
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| group of covalently bonded atoms |
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| Covalent bond in which one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms |
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| refers to bonding in molecules or ions that cannot be correctely represented by a single Lewis Structure |
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| the electons in the outermost level are called valence electrons the valence electon will determine |
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| mostly brittle solids that have properteries of both metals and nonmetals Located around/on stair step on periodic chart |
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measured value X 100
Theoretical value |
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all non zero numers are significant
a zero between two non zero digits is certain and considered significantExample 10101 (5 significant)
a trailing zero to nonzero digits and a decimal is significant Example: 4.50 (3 sig #) |
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| What is KUPS process to problem solve |
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| 1 KILOGRAM (kg) = ________g |
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| 1 gram (g) = _________milligrams (mg) |
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| 1 gram (g) = 1000 milligrams (mg) |
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| 1 mg = _______micrograms (Mcg) |
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| 1 mg = 1000 micrograms (Mcg) |
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| 1 L = ______cubic centimeter or centimeter cubed (cm3) |
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| 1 L = 1000 cubic centimeter or centimeter cubed (cm3) |
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| Examples of chemical change |
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| Examples of physical change |
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| 3 major categories to periodic table |
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metals (located on left side of stair step)
metalloids (semiconductors)Located on or around stair step
Nonmetals (located on right side of stair step |
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List Groups (family ) on periodic chart
Groups are verticle columns |
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1A-Alkali metals -very reactive to air
IIA- alkaline earth metals -fairly reactive with air/water
IIIA (metalloid)
VA- (nonmetal)
VIA (nonmetal)
VIIA- (nonmetals) elemental halogens very reactive with metals
VIIIA- inert or noble gases |
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Periods are Horizonal rows of periodic table
what are 4-7 in the B group called?
period 6-7 outplaced group are called? |
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what are 4-7 in the B group called? transitional metals
period 6-7 outplaced group are called? inner transitional metals |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
mono- |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
di- |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
tri- |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
tetra- |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
penta- |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
hexa |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
hepta |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
octa- |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
nona |
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Prefix/ Number of atoms?
deca- |
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| an electron pair shared between 2 atoms |
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| an electron pair that is not shared between two atoms |
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| the general shape of a molecule as determined by the relative positions of the atomic model |
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