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Definition
| anything that takes up space and has mass |
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| variation on the number of neutrons for an element |
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| isotope that is unstable and gives off radiation; used in medical procedures and as tracers in research |
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| smallest piece of matter an element can be broken down to and still retain the chemical properties of that element |
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| Living things are made up primarily of what four elements? |
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| carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen |
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| mass of protons and neutrons (what's in the nucleus...where most of the atom's mass is) |
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| mass from the entire atom, electrons, protons, and neutrons |
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| How can you calculate the number of neutrons if you are given the mass number and the atomic number? |
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Definition
| subtract the atomic number (# protons) from the mass number (#protons+#neutrons) |
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Definition
type of chemical bond in which
electrons are shared
single covalent bond=shares 2 electrons
double covalent bond = shares 4 electrons
triple covalent bond=shares 6 electrons |
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Definition
type of chemical bond in which
electromagnetic attraction holds together
oppositely charged ions |
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Definition
an ion that has a positive charge
(because it gave up electrons) |
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negatively charged ion
(because it gains electrons) |
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| What type of chemical bond forms a water molecule? |
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| What type of bond holds one water molecule to another water molecule? |
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Definition
| hydrogen ions (or hydronium) |
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| Which pH numbers represent acids? |
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Definition
| numbers below 7....with 0 being the strongest acid |
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| Which pH numbers represent bases (alkaline)? |
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Definition
| numbers above 7 ....with 14 being the strongest. |
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Term
| When using pH numbers, the difference in strength between two number is |
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Definition
| tenfold....so a pH of 3 is 10x more acid than a pH of 4....and 100X stronger that a pH of 5 etc. |
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| If the pH is neutral and then we say the pH is decreasing, then the pH is becoming |
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Definition
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| If the pH is neutral and we say the pH is increasing, then the pH is becoming |
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| pH of blood becomes too acidic....how does this happen, carbon dioxide bonds to water in blood to form carbonic acid...the carbonic acid then forms bicarbonate and hydrogen ions...the hydrogen ions make the blood acidic.....so if you are not getting of enough carbon dioxide when you exhale then too much carbonic acid can build up in your blood |
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Definition
| pH of blood becomes to aklaline...this can happen by hyperventilating...this causes you to lose too much carbon dioxide...which in turns means you form less carbonic acid |
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