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Chemistry Unit 5
Unit 5 From The Review Book
15
Chemistry
10th Grade
01/12/2011

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Term
Family
Definition
Alkali metals, Alkaline Earth metals, Transition metals, Boron Family, Carbon Family, Pnictogens, Chalcogens, Halogens, Noble Gases
Term
Group
Definition
The 18 vertical columns of the periodic table. Determines the number of electrons on outermost energy level.
Term
Period
Definition
The 7 horizontal rows of the periodic table. Determines the number of principle energy levels.
Term
Metal
Definition
A substance with high electrical conductivity, luster, and malleability, which readily loses electrons to form cations. Alkali metals, Alkaline Earth metals, Transition metals.
Term
Metalloid
Definition
An element that has both metallic and non metallic properties.
Term
Non Metal
Definition
An element which is dull-colored, brittle and non conductive.
Term
Noble Gas
Definition
An element with its outer electron shell
completely filled.
Term
Periodic Law
Definition
Many of the physical and chemical properties of the elements tend to recur in a systematic manner with increasing atomic number. Progressing from the lightest to the heaviest atoms, certain properties of the elements approximate those of precursors at regular intervals of 2, 8, 18, and 32.
Term
Atomic Radius
Definition
The size of the radius (Decreases going across period, increases going down group)
Term
Density
Definition
Amount of mass contained in a given unit volume. (Increases and then decreases going across period, increases going down group)
Term
Electronegativity
Definition
Ability to attract an electron; the pull nucleus has on valence electrons. (Increases going across period, decreases going down group)
Term
Ionic Radius
Definition
The size of the radius when the atom forms an ion (Increases going across period, decreases going down group)
Term
Ionization Energy
Definition
Amount of energy needed to remove an electron. (Increases going across period, decreases going down group)
Term
Metallic Character
Definition
The tendency for an element to lose electrons and become cations. (Decreases going across period, increases going down group)
Term
Melting Point
Definition
Temperature solid becomes a liquid.(Increases going across period for metals/metalloids, increases going down group)
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