Term
|
Definition
| The smallest particle of an element. |
|
|
Term
Identify what particles of an atom are composed of. |
|
Definition
| Particles of an atom are made of protons, neutrons, and electrons. |
|
|
Term
| Identify particle charge and location. |
|
Definition
Protons- positive charge- nucleus
Neutrons- no charge- nucleus
Electrons- negative charge- outside of nucleus |
|
|
Term
| Explain what the atomic number of an atom represents. |
|
Definition
| The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom. |
|
|
Term
| Explain what the atomic mass of an atom represents. |
|
Definition
| The count of the number of particles in an atom's nucleus. |
|
|
Term
| How is the number of neutrons in an atom identified? |
|
Definition
| To find the number of neutrons in an atom subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass. |
|
|
Term
| Describe what an electron shell is. |
|
Definition
An electron shell is the "orbit" electrons follow around an atom's nucleus.
Each shell can only hold a fixed amount.
Each shell must be filled before electrons fill the next shell. |
|
|
Term
| Identify the maximum number of electrons found in each shell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Distinguish between a group and a period. |
|
Definition
A group goes in vertical columns and the elements have similar but not identical characteristics.
A period goes in horizontal rows, elements in a period are not alike in properties. |
|
|
Term
| Describe what valence electrons are. |
|
Definition
| Valence electrons are electrons that are farthest away from the nucleus of an atom and involved in chemical reactions. |
|
|
