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Chemistry Matters
Study Guide Questions
51
Science
6th Grade
03/13/2008

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Term
Matter
Definition
The substances that make up the universe.
Term
Properties of Matter
Definition
Characteristics that describe matter.
Term
What are some examples of properties of matter?
Definition
mass, weight, volume, density, texture, color, shape, height, width, temperature, odor, taste, etc.
Term
Mass
Definition
A measure of the amount of matter in a substance
Term
What is mass measured in?
Definition
grams or kilograms
Term
weight
Definition
The amount of gravity acting on an object.
Term
volume
Definition
The amount of space matter takes up.
Term
units of volume
Definition
ml or cm3
Term
Two ways to figure out volume
Definition
Use a formula or use the displacement of water
Term
density
Definition
How tightly packed together the molecules in a substance are.
Term
Formula for calculating denisty
Definition
mass divided by volume (g/ml)
Term
What does density have to do with convection?
Definition
When air is warmed, it becomes less dense and rises. When air is cooled, it becomes denser and sinks. This circulation of air is convection.
Term
What is buoyancy?
Definition
an object’s ability to float
Term
What determines an object’s buoyancy?
Definition
Objects that are denser than water sink and objects that are less dense than water float.
Term
Why is energy not considered matter?
Definition
Energy does not have mass or volume, and all matter has mass and volume.
Term
What is a physical change?
Definition
A physical change occurs when a substance changes form, but not composition.
Term
What are some examples of physical changes
Definition
boiling, freezing, melting, smashing, crumpling, twisting, etc.
Term
chemical change
Definition
when a substance changes from one chemical composition to another
Term
signs that a chemical change has taken place
Definition
a change in temperature, a change in color, a flash of light, and formation of a gas
Term
Another name for chemical change
Definition
chemical reaction
Term
the three main phases of matter
Definition
solid, liquid, gas
Term
molecules in a solid
Definition
molecules tightly bound together in an orderly fashion, barely moving
Term
molecules in a liquid
Definition
molecules moving around, still fairly close, but unordered
Term
molecules in a gas
Definition
molecules moving around quickly and far apart
Term
What does adding heat to a substance do?
Definition
It causes the molecules to slow down and move closer together.
Term
freezing point
Definition
temperature when a liquid becomes a solid
Term
melting point
Definition
the temperature where a solid becomes a liquid
Term
boiling point
Definition
the temperature where a liquid becomes a gas
Term
freezing point of water
Definition
32° F, 0°C
Term
melting point of water
Definition
32° F, 0° C
Term
boiling point of water
Definition
212°, 100°
Term
Make sure you study that Phase Change Diagram
Definition
There will be ten points on your quiz about that diagram.
Term
evaporation
Definition
Evaporation is the process of liquid changing to gas
Term
condensation
Definition
Condensation is the process of gas changing to liquid.
Term
precipitation
Definition
Precipitation occurs after the liquid produced in condensation becomes heavy enough to fall to Earth.
Term
elements
Definition
Pure substances that do not contain anything else and cannot be broken down
Term
periodic table
Definition
A of all of the elements. It is arranged vertically into columns called groups and horizontally into rows called periods
Term
mixture
Definition
A mixture is a loose combination of substances.
Term
solution
Definition
A solution is when two or more substances combine and one dissolves the other.
Term
Examples of solution
Definition
salt water, sugar water, coffee
Term
compound
Definition
 A chemical combination of two or more elements
Term
examples of compounds
Definition
water and ammonia
Term
What kind of change creates a compound and how do we know?
Definition
Chemical change because it is nearly impossible to get the original substances back
Term
What is an atom?
Definition
An atom is the smallest portion into which an element can be divided and still retain its properties.
Term
three main parts of an atom
Definition
electrons, protons, and neutrons
Term
What is a molecule?
Definition
a group of atoms
Term
chemical bond
Definition
A chemical bond holds the atoms of a molecule together
Term
NH3
Definition
NH3 is ammonia. It means one nitrogen atom has been chemically bonded to three hydrogen atoms
Term
H2O
Definition
H2O is water. It means that two hydrogen atoms have been chemically bonded to an oxygen atom.
Term
What kind of change occurs when a solution is created?
Definition
It is still fairly easy to separate out the original substances, so it is a physical change
Term
What kind of change occurs when you create a mixture?
Definition
It is a physical change because it is easy to separate out the original substances.
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