Term
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Definition
| a molecule that is positively or negatively charged on the basis of the pH of the solution. |
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Term
| True or false: a protein is an ampholyte |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the migration of charged solutes or particles within a liquid medium under the influence of an electrical field |
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Term
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Definition
| the pH at which the molecule has no net charge and will not migrate during electrophoresis |
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Term
| Theory of Electrophoresis: what charges go where? |
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Definition
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Term
| Theory of Electrophoresis: Rate of Migration |
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Definition
1. net charge of the molecule
2. size/shape of molecule
3.electric field strength
4. properties of supporting medium
5. Temperature |
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Term
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Definition
| The result of electrophoretic process that generates heat, causing evaporation of solvent from the electropheretic support. |
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Term
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Definition
| the rate of migration per unit field strength |
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Term
| What is the Mobility equation? |
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Definition
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Term
EM:
1. ____________ related to size of the molecule,
2. _____________ related to Q (net charge) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four components of an electrophoresis system? |
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Definition
1. Two buffer chambers or "buffer plates"
2. electrodes
3. Electrophoresis support
4. Wicks
5. Cover |
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Term
| Electrophoretic Stain: Protein Serum |
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Definition
| Amido Black, Coomasie Blue, Ponceaus |
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Term
| Electrophoretic Stain: Isoenzyme Ormazan |
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Definition
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Term
| Electrophoretic Stain: Lipoprotein zones |
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Definition
| Fat Red 7B, Oil Red O, Sudan Black B |
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Term
| Electrophoretic Stain: DNA fragments |
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Definition
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Term
| Electrophoretic Stain: CSF proteins |
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Definition
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
Slab Gel |
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Definition
| separation of serum of CSF proteins and DNA/RNA fragments; horizontal or vertical |
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
Disc |
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Definition
| 5 zones, 20+ fragments, "discontinuities" |
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
Isoelectric focusing |
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Definition
| separates amphoteric compounds; sharp protein zones |
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
2D |
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Definition
| Used to study families of proteins, searches for genetic or disease |
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
Southern Blot |
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Definition
| used to detect fragments of DNA; uses AGE; used to (1) identify a DNA sequence, (2) determine the presence, position, and number of copies of a genome, and (3) typing DNA |
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
Northern Blot |
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Definition
| RNA; RNA probe used for hybridization |
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
Western Blot |
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Definition
| Protein; used to (1) separate, (2) detect and (3) identify one or more proteins in a complex mixture |
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Term
| Electrophoresis: purposes of a buffer |
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Definition
1. carry current
2. Establish the pH
3. Determine electrical charge of solute |
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Term
Electrophoresis:
What provides the matrix in which separation takes place? |
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Definition
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Term
Electrophoresis:
Separation is based on what? |
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Definition
differences in charge to mass
size of molecule |
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Term
Electrophoresis:
Agarose separates what analytes? |
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Definition
separation of
-Serum, urine, or CSF proteins
-hemoglobin variants
-Isoenzymes
-Lipoproteins |
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Term
Electrophoresis:
Advantages of Agarose |
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Definition
| Lower affinity for proteins, native clarity for drying, free of ionizable groups, preventing it from endosmosis |
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Term
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Definition
| Highly hydrated ions in the applied current of the system move toward the electrode of the opposite polarity which causes movement of the solvent |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces zones of proteins |
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Term
Electrophoretic Techniques:
Microchip |
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Definition
| alternative to capillari electrophoresis; DNA separations |
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Term
| Go through the different Electrophoresis Clinical Significances |
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Definition
| Extra Electrophoresis Packet |
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Term
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Definition
Increases: inc. in a-1 AT
Decreases: Bence Jones protein binding (RARE) |
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Term
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Definition
| Haptoglobin, a2 macroglobin, HDL |
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Term
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Definition
Represents:
Transferrin
Beta-Lipoprotein
C3 Complement
Elevated: High LDL, Pregnancy, Elevated C3, Increase in IgA |
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Term
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Definition
In Order: IgG IgA IgM IgD IgE
Single band : Monoclonal Gammopathy |
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Term
| Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) |
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Definition
| condition in which an abnormal protein is in the blood |
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