Chemistry

Science

acid

atoms

chemical

substances 

Colloid

Compound

 a chemical substance that is formed from two or more elements, that bond in a fixed ratio. For example, water (H₂O) is a compound that is composed of two hydrogen atoms for every oxygen atom. NH_3,HCl, H₂O₂, SiO₂, CH₄, C₂H₂, and C₂H₄, are compounds. In contrast, O₂ is not a compound because it is only made of one element. A compound is a pure substance.

Substance

A type of matter with a fixed composition.

Heterogeneous Mixture

Mixture in which different materials can easily be distinguished.

Homogeneous Mixture

Contains 2 or more gases, liquids, or solids substances blended evenly.

Solution

Homogeneous mixture with particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope.

Colloid

Type of mixture with particles that are larger than those in solutions, but not heavy enough to settle out.

Tyndall Effect

Scattering of light by colloidal particles.

Suspension

Heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid where visible particles settle.

Physical Property

Characteristic of a material you can observe without changing the identity.

Physical Change

A change in size, shape, or state.

A process for separating substances by evaporating a liquid and recondensing its vapor.

Chemical Property

Characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a chemical change.

Chemical Change

A change of one substance to another.

Law of Conservation and Mass

The mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change equals the mass of all the substances after the change.

Kinetic Theory

Explanation of how particles in matter behave.

Melting Point

The point in temperature when the solid starts to liquefy.

Heat of Fusion

The energy required to change a substance from a solid to a liquid at its melting point.

Boiling Point

The point in temperature when the liquid starts to boil.

Heat of Vaporization

Amount of energy required for a liquid to become a gas.

Diffusion

Buoyancy

Ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it.

Pressure

Force exerted per area. (Formula)

Viscosity

The resistance to flow by a fluid.

Pascal

Used to measure pressure.

Atom

Element composed of one type, the {blank}.

Nucleus

The center of a atom.

Protons

Particles in a atom with a positive charge.

Neutrons

Particles in a atom with no charge.

Electrons

Particles in a atom with a negative charge.

Quarks

Smaller particles in neutrons and protons.

Electron Cloud

Area around a nucleus where electrons are mostly found.

Atomic Number

Number of protons in an atom is equal to a number called {blank}.

Mass Number

This number is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons.

Isotopes

Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons.

Average Atomic Mass

Is the weighted average mass of its isotopes.

Periodic Table

A table filled with elements in order of atomic numbers, etc.

Groups

The vertical columns in the periodic table.

Electron Dot Diagram

Uses the symbol of the element and dots to represent electrons.

Periods

Horizontal rows of elements.

Metals

Good conductors of heat and electricity.

Malleable

Can be hammered.

Ductile

The resistance to flow by a fluid.