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Chemistry Final
Random stuff from the first semester of Chemistry
75
Chemistry
10th Grade
12/19/2011

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Term
Conversion of:

Nanometers to meters
Definition
x 10^-9
Term
Conversion of:

Micrometers to meters
Definition
x 10^-6
Term
Conversion of:

Millimeters to meters
Definition
x 10^-3
Term
Conversion of:

Centimeters to meters
Definition
x 10^-2
Term
Conversion of:

Kilometers to meters
Definition
x 10^3
Term
Conversion of:

Decameters to meters
Definition
x 10
Term
Conversion of:

Megameters to meters
Definition
x 10^6
Term
Conversion of:

Decimeters to meters
Definition
x 10^-1
Term
Conversion of:

Hectometers to meters
Definition
x 10^2
Term
Conversion of:

Gigameters to meters
Definition
x 10^9
Term
Conversion of:

Celsius to Kelvin
Definition
Kelvin = Celsius + 273
Term
Conversion of:

Fahrenheit to Kelvin
Definition
(5/9 x (F - 32) + 273 )
Term
Conversion of:

Fahrenheit to Celsius
Definition
(F - 32) x 5/9 = C
Term
Ammonium
Definition
NH^4
Term
Silicate
Definition
SiO3^2-
Term
Dichromate
Definition
Cr207^2-
Term
Oxalate
Definition
C2O4^2-
Term
Permanganate
Definition
MnO4^-
Term
Acetate
Definition
C2H3O2^-
Term
Cyanide
Definition
CN^-
Term
Hydroxide
Definition
OH^-
Term
1 mole of gas at STP = ________ L
Definition
1 mole of gas=22.4 L
Term
Avogadro's Number
Definition
6.02 x 10^23
Term
Acronym for remembering polyatomic ions
Definition
Nick the Camel ate Clam Crepes for Supper in Pheonix
Term
Hypo + polyatomic ion = ?
Definition
2 less Oxygen
Term
-ite + polyatomic ion = ?
Definition
1 less Oxygen
Term
Per + polyatomic ion = ?
Definition
1 more Oxygen
Term
Hydrogen + polyatomic ion = ?
Definition
Add 1 to charge and add a H to front of symbol
Term
Naming binary ionic compounds
Definition
1. Cation first, then anion
2. Add -ide to anion
3. Balance charges
Term
Naming binary molecular compounds
Definition
1. Cation first, then anion
2. Use prefixes to indicate # of atoms of element
3. If 1st element has only 1 atom, then omit prefix
4. Add -ide to the anion
Term
Naming acids ending in -ide
Definition
1. Cation first, then anion
2. Begins with hydro-
3. Stem of anion ends in -ic
4. Followed by word "acid"
Term
Naming acids ending in -ite
Definition
1. Cation first, then anion
2. Anion ends in -ous
3. Followed by word "acid"
Term
Naming acids ending in -ate
Definition
1. Cation first, then anion
2. Anion ends in -ic
3. Followed by word "acid"
Term
Naming bases
Definition
1. Cation first, then anion
2. Balance charges
Term
Common diatomic compounds
Definition
Br I N Cl H O F
Term
Ionization energy
Definition
Energy needed to take an electron
Term
Electronegativity
Definition
Tendency of an atom to attract electrons
Term
Calculating energy of light
Definition
c=vλ
Term
Discovered the electron
Definition
JJ Thomson
Term
Dalton's atomic theory
Definition
1. Elements are made of atoms
2. Atoms of the same element are identical
3. Atoms of different elements can make compounds in definite ratios
4. Atoms separate, join, or rearrange to make a chemical change
Term
Miliken
Definition
e (charge)/mass
Term
Discovered the neutron
Definition
Chadwick
Term
Discovered the proton
Definition
Rutherford
Term
Conducted the Gold-foil experiment
Definition
Rutherford
Term
Democritus said that "____"
Definition
Atoms are the smallest, indivisible thingie
Term
Periods are ____
Definition
rows
Term
Groups are _____
Definition
columns
Term
Atoms get their identity based on the number of _____.
Definition
protons
Term
Atoms get their properties based on the number of ______.
Definition
valance electrons
Term
Put the following in order based on largeness to smallness:

Suborbit, Atom, Orbit/Energy level, Electrons, Orbitals
Definition
Atom, Orbit/Energy level, Suborbit, Orbitals, Electrons
Term
Number of electrons in S
Definition
2
Term
Number of electrons in P
Definition
6
Term
Number of electrons in D
Definition
10
Term
Number of electrons in F
Definition
14
Term
Equation to find the number of maximum electrons in energy level (n=__)
Definition
2n^2
Term
Aufbau Principle
Definition
Electrons fill lower energy orbitals before filling higher energy orbitals
Term
Pauli's Exclusion Principle
Definition
Orbitals can only have 2 electrons
Term
Hund's Rule
Definition
Before you pair electrons, you have to put one electron in each orbital
Term
Exceptions to normal electron configurations
Definition
Chromium and Copper
Term
c=___
Definition
speed of light (3.0 x 10^8 m/s)

unit= meters/second
Term
v (nu)= ___
Definition
Frequency (unit= hertz)
Term
λ (lambda)=____
Definition
Wave length (unit= meters)
Term
Equation for Energy of a Photon
Definition
Eph=vh
Term
h (Plank's constant)= _____
Definition
6.626 x 10^-34
Term
How do you find the atomic mass of isotopes?
Definition
1. Multiply each percent (of abundance) by the average mass and add all of the different isotopes together.
2. Divide by 100
Term
Electronegativity __1__ from bottom to top, and ___2___ from left to right
Definition
1. increases
2. increases
Term
Ionization energy __1__ from bottom to top, and ___2___ from left to right
Definition
1. increases
2. increases
Term
Atomic size __1__ from bottom to top, and ___2___ from left to right
Definition
1. decreases
2. decreases
Term
Nonmetal + nonmetal = ?
Definition
covalent bond
Term
Nonmetal + metal = ?
Definition
ionic bond
Term
Metal + metal = ?
Definition
metallic bond
Term
If electronegativity is between 0 and 0.4 the bond is _____
Definition
Nonpolar covalent
Term
If electronegativity is between 1.4 and 1 the bond is _____
Definition
Moderately polar covalent
Term
If electronegativity is between 1 and 2 the bond is ______
Definition
Very polar covalent
Term
If electronegativity is greater than or equal to 2 the bond is _____
Definition
Ionic
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