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Chemistry Final
N/A
46
Science
11th Grade
06/09/2010

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Term
mixture
Definition
a physical blend of 2 omore components
Term
product
Definition
a substance formed in a chem react
Term
phase
Definition
part of a sample having uniform comp and prop
Term
reactant
Definition
starting subs in a chemical react
Term
heterogeneos mix
Definition
not uniform in comp
Term
vapor
Definition
gaseous state of substance that is a liquid or solid at room temp
Term
mass
Definition
amt of matter an obj contains
Term
homogeneous mix
Definition
desc. mixture w/ a uniform comp
Term
element
Definition
subs that cannot be changed into simpler subs. by chem. means
Term
compound
Definition
composed of 2 or more subs. chemically comb. in a fixed proportion
Term
chemical reaction
Definition
process in which subs are changed into diff subs.
Term
Kelvin
Definition
SI scale for temp
Term
Celsius
Definition
non-SI scale for temp
Term
mass
Definition
quantity of matter an obj contains
Term
atom
Definition
smallest part. of an elem that retains the prop of that element
Term
proton
Definition
+ sub
Term
elect
Definition
- sub
Term
neutron
Definition
0 charge sub
Term
isotope
Definition
atoms w/ same # protons but diff #s of neutrons in the nucleus
Term
mass #
Definition
total # of protons and neut in the nucleus
Term
atomic mass unit
Definition
1/12 the mass of a carbon atom having 6 protons and 6 neutrons
Term
Heisenburg Uncertainty Principle
Definition
states the impossibility of knowing both velocity and position of a moving particle at the same time
Term
Pauli exclusion principle
Definition
each orbital has at most 2 electrons
Term
aufbau principle
Definition
tendency of electrons to enter orbitals of lowest energy first
Term
atomic emission spectrum
Definition
frequencies of light emitted by an element
Term
photon
Definition
discrete bundle of electromagnetic energy
Term
quantum
Definition
energy needed to move an electron from 1 energy level to another
Term
spectrum
Definition
separation of light into different wavelengths
Term
electronegativity
Definition
ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a comopound
Term
ionization energy
Definition
energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Term
atomic radius
Definition
1/2 the dist b/w nuclei of 2 atoms when the atoms are joined
Term
transition metal
Definition
type of element characterized by presence of electrons in d orbital
Term
periodic law
Definition
a repetition of properties occurs when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number
Term
monatomic atom
Definition
cosists of a single atom w/ a + or - charge
Term
acid
Definition
produces a hydrogen ion when dissolved in water
Term
law of definite proportions
Definition
in any chemical compound, the masses of elements are always in the sam proportion by mass
Term
law of multiple proportions
Definition
when 2 elem form more than 1 compound, the masse of 1 element that comb w/ the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small, whole numbers
Term
binary compound
Definition
compound composed of 2 different elements
Term
polyatomic ion
Definition
tightly-bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and carries a net charge
Term
molar volume
Definition
volume occupied by a mole of any gas at STP
Term
molar mass
Definition
mass of a mole of any element or compound
Term
skeleton equation
Definition
a chem. equation tat does not indicate relative amounts of reactants and products
Term
boiling point
Definition
temp at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the external pressure
Term
normal boiling point
Definition
temp at which vapor pressure of a liquid is = to 1 atmosphere
Term
melting pt
Definition
temp at which solid turns to a liquid
Term
sublimation
Definition
solid to a vapor
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