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Chemistry Final
Terms
26
Other
11th Grade
05/20/2009

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Term
VESPR Theory
Definition
electron pairs in the valence shell repel each other and maximize distance between pairs
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
one or more electron pairs are shared between atoms
Term
Hybridization
Definition
two orbitals blended together
Term
Central atom/Axial atom
Definition
(AX) one written first in formula/located at the outer edges of the molecule or polyatomic ion
Term
electron configuration
Definition
arrangement of electrons
Term
equilibrium
Definition
reversible reactions that do not go to completion
Term
equilibrium constant
Definition
partial pressures of the reaction components are related through a simple relation
Term
LeChalier's Principle
Definition
if a system at equilibrium is disturbed by some change, the system will respond to counteract the disturbance & restore equilibrium if possible
Term
Reaction quotient (Q)
Definition
determines which way the equilibrium will shift
Term
mass action expression (K)
Definition
"reactants" over "products"
Term
rate law
Definition
(R=[A^x][B^y]) a mathematical relation between the rate of a reaction and concentration of the reactants
Term
kinetics
Definition
the study of reaction rate, or speed
Term
collision theory
Definition
reactants must collide in order for a reaction to occur
Term
reaction mechanism
Definition
reactions that proceed through a number of individual steps
Term
enthalpy
Definition
heat content change
Term
exothermic/endothermic
Definition
Hrxn is negative=exothermic
Hrxn is positive=endothermic
Term
entropy
Definition
change in disorder
Term
spontaneous reaction
Definition
reactions that are self-propagating once they are initiated
Term
gibb's free energy
Definition
G= H - T change S
Term
weak acid
Definition
react reversibly with water to form H3O ions in a brownstead/Lowry reaction in which the acid is a proton donor and water is the proton acceptor
Term
hydrolysis
Definition
a reaction between a salt & a water
Term
titration
Definition
the volume of a standard acidic or basic solution required to just react with a known volume of a base or acid of an unknown solution is determined
Term
neutralization reaction
Definition
a type of double replacement reaction in which an acid and a base combine to form a salt & water
Term
indicator
Definition
changes color when the reaction is complete
Term
amphoteric
Definition
substance is one that can react as either an acid or base
Term
protic
Definition
any molecular solvent which contains dissociable H+
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