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Chemistry Final Review
Underwood - Chapters 15,16,17,19,20,21, and Lesson 23-1
83
Chemistry
8th Grade
02/09/2009

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Term
Substances that prevent certain chemical reactions from taking place are ________.
Definition
inhibitors
Term
When one element replaces another element in a compound, the reaction is a ________ reaction.
Definition
single-displacement
Term
Each substance to the right of the arrow in a chemical equation is a ________.
Definition
product
Term
A chemical reaction in which the energy released is primarily in the form of heat is ________.
Definition
exothermic
Term
A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction without undergoing a permanent change itself is called a ________.
Definition
catalyst
Term
Numbers that proceed symbols and formulas in a chemical equation are called ________.
Definition
coefficients
Term
A chemical reaction in which two or more substances combine to form another substance is a ________ reaction.
Definition
synthesis
Term
The breaking down of a substance into two or more substances is a ________ reaction.
Definition
decomposition
Term
Each substance on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation is a ________.
Definition
reactant
Term
If energy in the form of heat is required for a chemical reaction to take place, the reaction is ________.
Definition
endothermic
Term
In a chemical equation, the symbol for "dissolved in water" is ________.
Definition
(aq)
Term
Acid or Base?... Sour Taste
Definition
acid
Term
Acid or Base?... Bitter Taste
Definition
base
Term
Acid or Base?... Produces Hydrogen Ions in Solution
Definition
acid
Term
Acid or Base?... Corrosive
Definition
both
Term
Acid or Base?... Slippery
Definition
base
Term
Acid or Base?... Cause Burns and Tissue Damage
Definition
both
Term
Acid or Base?... Crystalline Solid in Undissolved State
Definition
base
Term
Acid or Base?... Produces Hydroxide Ions in Solution
Definition
base
Term
Acid or Base?... Changes Color on an Indicator
Definition
both
Term
Acid or Base?... Soap
Definition
base
Term
Acid or Base?... Fertilizer
Definition
both
Term
Acid or Base?... Gastric Stomach Juice
Definition
acid
Term
Acid or Base?... Produces Hydronium Ions
Definition
acid
Term
Acid or Base?... HCl
Definition
acid
Term
Acid or Base?... Ammonia
Definition
base
Term
Ph Scale - Strong Acid
Definition
greater than 0, lower than 3
Term
Ph Scale - Weak Acid
Definition
3 or higher, less than 7
Term
Ph Scale - Neutral
Definition
7
Term
Ph Scale - Weak Base
Definition
greater than 7, 10 or less
Term
Ph Scale - Strong Base
Definition
higher than 10
Term
Where In The Table?... Metals
Definition
left of stairstep line
Term
Where In The Table?... Nonmetals
Definition
right of the stairstep line
Term
Where In The Table?... Metalloids
Definition
touching the stairstep line
Term
Where In The Table?... Noble Gases
Definition
group 18
Term
Where In The Table?... Transition Metals
Definition
groups 3-12
Term
An element with more than 92 protons is a ________ element.
Definition
transuranium
Term
An element is ________ when it can be hammered into sheets.
Definition
malleable
Term
An element is ________ when it can be drawn into wire.
Definition
ductile
Term
An ________ is a different form of the same element with a different structure.
Definition
allotrope
Term
A molecule that consists of 2 atoms of the same element is ________.
Definition
diatomic
Term
An element that gives off particles and energy is ________.
Definition
radioactive
Term
An element in group 1 is a ________ metal.
Definition
alkali
Term
An element with both metallic and nonmetallic properties is a ________.
Definition
metalloid
Term
A substance that conducts electricity under certain conditions is a ________.
Definition
semiconductor
Term
An element that forms a salt when it gains an electron from a metal is a ________.
Definition
halogen
Term
When a sea of electrons surrounds positively charged ions, a ________ bond is occurring.
Definition
metallic
Term
When an element isn't naturally occurring it is ________.
Definition
synthetic
Term
Most metals, at room temperature, exist as ________.
Definition
solids
Term
Halogens form salts by ________ bonding.
Definition
ionic
Term
Elements in group 2 are alkaline ________ metals.
Definition
earth
Term
A change in size, shape, or state of matter is a ________ change.
Definition
physical
Term
A substance in which 2 or more elements are combined in a fixed proportion is a ________.
Definition
compound
Term
A mixture in which different materials are easily distinguished is ________.
Definition
heterogeneous
Term
A heterogeneous mixture with larger particles that never settle is a ________.
Definition
colloid
Term
A heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle is a ________.
Definition
suspension
Term
Any material with 2 or more substances that can be physically separated is a ________.
Definition
mixture
Term
A homogeneous mixture of particles so small they cannot be seen and will never settle is a ________.
Definition
solution
Term
A mixture containing 2 or more substances that are blended evenly throughout are ________.
Definition
homogeneous
Term
A substance in which all atoms are alike is an ________.
Definition
element
Term
The effect of scattering light by colloidal particles is the ________ effect.
Definition
Tyndall
Term
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?... Chocolate Chip Ice Cream
Definition
heterogeneous
Term
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?... Tap Water
Definition
homogeneous
Term
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?... Milk
Definition
homogeneous
Term
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?... Smoke
Definition
homogeneous
Term
Heterogeneous or Homogeneous?... Veggie Soup
Definition
heterogeneous
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Sharpening a Pencil
Definition
physical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Flammability
Definition
chemical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Size
Definition
physical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Inflating a Tire
Definition
physical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Freezing Point
Definition
chemical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Drawing Copper into Wire
Definition
physical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Corrosion
Definition
physical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Fragrance
Definition
physical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Hydrogen Burning
Definition
chemical
Term
Physical or Chemical?... Boiling Water
Definition
physical
Term
The SI unit was named after ________.
Definition
Blaise Pascal
Term
What Law?... Pressure of a Gas Will Not Increase if the Volume of the Container Decreases When the Temperature Doesn't Change.
Definition
Boyle's
Term
What Law?... Volume of a Gas Increases With Increasing Temperature When the Pressure Doesn't Change
Definition
Charles's
Term
What Law?... All Matter is Made of Small Particles That Are in Motion
Definition
Kinetic theory
Term
What Law?... As the Velocity of a Fluid Increases, the Pressure Exerted by the Fluid Decreases
Definition
Bernoulli's
Term
What Law?... Pressure Put on a Liquid is Transmitted Throughout the Liquid
Definition
Pascal's
Term
What Law?... The Bouyant Force on an Object in a Fluid is Equal to the Weight of the Fluid the Object Displaces.
Definition
Archimedes's
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