Term
|
Definition
| Substance disolved-(minority) |
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Term
|
Definition
| Substance doing the dissolving-majority component |
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Term
| What is an aqueous solution? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| amount of a compound that dissolves in a certain amount of solvent; ability for a substance to be dissolved. |
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Term
| What is a saturated solution? |
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Definition
| maximum amount of solute dissolved in a given solvent under a certain set of conditions |
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Term
| What is an unsaturated solution? |
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Definition
| Less than the maximum amount of solute dissolved in a given solvent under a certain set of conditions |
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Term
| What is a supersaturated solution? |
|
Definition
| More than the maximum amount of solute dissolved in a given solvent under a certain set of conditions |
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Term
| Solubilitiy of solids...? |
|
Definition
| increases with temperature |
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Term
|
Definition
| in water, increases with pressure |
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Term
| Solubility of gases in water...? |
|
Definition
| decreases with temperature |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| (Mass solute/mass solute+mass solvent)x100% |
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|
Term
| What is the equation of Molarity? |
|
Definition
| moles of solute/liter of solution |
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Term
|
Definition
| Is the same in the concentrated and dilute solution |
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|
Term
| What is the equation for Molality (m)? |
|
Definition
| moles solute/kilograms of solvent |
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|
Term
| What is freezing point depression? |
|
Definition
the presence of solute in a solution lowers the freezing pint of the pure solvent (ex:salt fo melt ice)
∆Tf = m x Kf KfH2O=1.86 Celcius water/mol solute |
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|
Term
| What is boiling point elevation? |
|
Definition
the presence of solute in a solution raises the boiling point
∆Tb = m x Kb Kb H2O = 0.512 ̊C kg water/mol solute |
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Term
|
Definition
| diffusion (movement from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration) through a semi-permeable membrane |
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Term
|
Definition
substances that produce H+ in a solution,
sour taste, oxidize metals |
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Term
| What are some strong acids? |
|
Definition
HCl, HBr, HI, H
2SO4, HNO4, HClO
4
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Term
| What are some weak acids? |
|
Definition
HF, CH
3COOH (or HC2H3O2), HCOOH, H2SO3
,
H
2CO3, H3PO
4
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|
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Term
|
Definition
| substances that produce OH- |
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Term
| Organic acids have what group? |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of strong bases? |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Organic bases have what group? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is the Bronsted-Lowry definition of an acid and base? |
|
Definition
acid= a proton (H+) donor
base= a proton (H+) acceptor |
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Term
| What is a conjugate acid? |
|
Definition
the acid formed when a base accepts a proton
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Term
| What is a conjugate base? |
|
Definition
the base formed when an acid donates a proton
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Term
|
Definition
acid + base --> salt + water
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Term
|
Definition
acid + carbonate --> salt + CO
2
+ water
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|
Term
| Metal oxidation/dissolving reaction |
|
Definition
acid + metal --> salt + hydrogen gas
Acid + metal oxide --> salt + water
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