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chemistry ch 1
ch 1 vocab
26
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
08/31/2011

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Term
atom
Definition
submicroscopic particles that constitute the fundamental building blocks of ordinary matter
Term
molecule
Definition
two or more atoms joined in a specific geometrical arrangement
Term
chemistry
Definition
the science that seeks to understand the behavior of matter by studying the behavior of atoms and molecules
Term
hypothesis
Definition
a tentative interpretation or explanation of the observations
Term
experiments
Definition
highly controlled procedures designed to generate observations
Term
scientific law
Definition
a brief statement that summarizes past observations and predicts future ones
Term
law of conservation of mass
Definition
in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed
Term
theory
Definition
one or more well established hypotheses
Term
atomic theory
Definition
matter is composed of small, indestructable particles called atoms
Term
scientific method
Definition
an approach to acquiring knowledge about the natural world that begins with observation and leads to the formation of testable hypotheses.
Term
law
Definition
summarizes a series of related observations
Term
matter
Definition
anything that occupies space and has mass
Term
substance
Definition
specific instance of matter. ex. air, water sand
Term
state
Definition
physical form of matter
Term
composition
Definition
basic components that make up the matter
Term
solid
Definition
atoms or molecules packed closely together in fixed locations
Term
liquid
Definition
atoms or molecules packed closely but are free to move and no fixed shape
Term
gas
Definition
atoms or molecules have lots of space, free to move, and have no shape but compressable
Term
energy
Definition
the capacity to do work
Term
work
Definition
the action of a force through a distance
Term
kinetic energy
Definition
associated with motion
Term
potential energy
Definition
associated with id position or composition
Term
thermal energy
Definition
energy associated with the temperature of an object
Term
law of conservation of energy
Definition
energy is neither created or destroyed
Term
intensive property
Definition
one that is independent of the amount of the substance
Term
extensive property
Definition
one that depends on the amount of a substance
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