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Chemistry 105 pt 2
Consumer Chemistry
66
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
04/30/2012

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Cards

Term
Which of the following is a soap formula?
Definition
CH3(CH2)14COONa
Term
Reaction of tripalmitin, a fat with three palmitic acid residues, with NaOH gives glycerol plus three
Definition
CH3(CH2)14COONa
Term
The formula for sodium stearate is
Definition
CH3(CH2)16COONa
Term
The hydrocarbon portion of a surfactant molecule is
Definition
hydrophobic
Term
When used in cleaning, soap removes oily dirt by forming
Definition
micelles
Term
In the cleansing action of soap, the hydrocarbon tail
Definition
intermingles with the oily dirt, and the ionic head interacts with the water
Term
Which of the following molecules will act as a surfactant?
Definition
CH3(CH2)10CH2N(CH3)3+Cl–
Term
Which of these molecules is a monosaccharide?
Definition
glucose
Term
Which of these is an unsaturated fat?
Definition
olive oil
Term
Which of the following is not produced during the metabolism of glucose in the body's cells?
Definition
oxygen
Term
Which does not provide a complete protein?
Definition
corn
Term
Low-protein flour is best for making biscuits.
Definition
True
Term
As a human ages, the number of taste buds (papillae) on the tongue decreases.
Definition
True
Term
Fats and oils are examples of
Definition
esters
Term
The body stores excess ingested glucose as
Definition
fat
Term
In the process of making candy, especially fudge, it's important to let the mixture cool without stirring, in order for large crystals to form.
Definition
False
Term
The primary structure of a protein is determined by
Definition
the order of the amino acids in the protein
Term
Nylon is a combination of two different types of molecules, a(n)
Definition
amine and acid
Term
The building block of polymers are called
Definition
monomers
Term
Nylon is a polyamide.
Definition
True
Term
All plastics have the same melting point.
Definition
False
Term
What is polyvinyl chloride used for?
Definition
plumbing pipes
Term
The type of polymers that are created from monomers, like C=C, breaking open their double bonds and joining hands with their neighbors are called
Definition
addition polymers
Term
When styrene polymerizes, it produces
Definition
polystyrene
Term
The #1 recycling polymer is different from the other five types of recyclable plastics in that it is
Definition
a condensation polymer
Term
CF2 in a long chain produces
Definition
teflon
Term
The element that has been added to toothpaste to help replace the OH ions in the hydroxyapatite structure of tooth enamel (so that the enamel resists decay) is
Definition
fluorine
Term
The main ingredient in oven cleaner is an acid.
Definition
False
Term
Which element strengthens tooth enamel?
Definition
fluorine
Term
Hair is composed of
Definition
protein
Term
The essential ingredients in toothpastes are
Definition
abrasives and detergents.
Term
The non-polar end of the soap molecule has the hydrocarbon chain.
Definition
True
Term
Aluminum chlorohydrate is used in
Definition
antiperspirants.
Term
Which chemical is used to bleach hair?
Definition
hydrogen peroxide
Term
A cosmetic that is a suspension of water in oil is called
Definition
a cream
Term
Soap is
Definition
the salt of a fatty acid.
Term
The best way to replace water lost by the body is to drink
Definition
plain water
Term
During the last stages of a marathon (26 miles) the body's principal source of energy is
Definition
fat.
Term
The body mass index (BMI) is determined by which of the following physical quantities?
Definition
weight and height
Term
Which activity would be aided by a large proportion of slow-twitch muscles?
Definition
swimming 2.5 km
Term
According to the new food guide pyramid, which group of foods should be eaten most sparingly?
Definition
oils
Term
The best thing to drink to replenish lost body fluids after exercise is
Definition
water.
Term
The albatross (a sea bird) can fly for days on end. Its breast muscle would have a high proportion of
Definition
slow-twitch muscle.
Term
It is recommended that our diets contain no more than ___ calories from fats.
Definition
35%
Term
If insufficient oxygen is available to muscles during energy conversion, the by-products of energy production are water and
Definition
lactic acid.
Term
Respiratory capacity of muscle is increased by
Definition
endurance exercise.
Term
The general recommendation for vitamin consumption by most members of the scientific community is
Definition
to eat a well-balanced diet
Term
The human body does not synthesize Vitamin C
Definition
True
Term
You bicycle 30 miles. Although you are tired, you really feel great. This is because your brain has synthesized some
Definition
endorphins
Term
Which of the following is not a goal of drugs that are used for cardiovascular disease?
Definition
preventing bacterial infections
Term
The use of aspirin may lead to
Definition
stomach problems
Term
A vegetarian who is not on vitamin supplements is likely to show a deficiency in which vitamin?
Definition
B-12
Term
The difference among different brands of aspirin is
Definition
cost
Term
A substance that causes an allergic reaction triggers the release of a class of substances know as
Definition
histamines
Term
All steroids have what kind of general structure?
Definition
four rings.
Term
The best thing to drink to replenish lost body fluids after exercise is
Definition
water
Term
A substance with a high number for LD-50 is more toxic than a substance with a low number for LD-50.
Definition
False
Term
What is the effect of lead poisoning on children?
Definition
neurological damage
Term
Where was an infamous mass cyanide poisoning?
Definition
Jonestown, Guyana
Term
Thalidomide is a well known teratogen.
Definition
True
Term
The "gas" that was used in WW I contained phosgene. Into what corrosive chemical was this gas changed when it met with the moisture in the lungs?
Definition
hydrochloric acid
Term
The known cause of approximately 35% of all cancers is
Definition
tobacco smoking
Term
If a chemical produces cancer in rats, it will definitely cause cancer in humans.
Definition
False
Term
What metal contributed to the condition of the "Mad Hatter?"
Definition
mercury
Term
Ethanol is more toxic than methanol.
Definition
False
Term
A source of carbon monoxide poisonings would be
Definition
cigarette smoking
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