Term
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Definition
| not rue acid waves. as they have a pH between 7.8 and 8.2 and use glyceryl monthioglycolate as the primary reducing agent. Acid- balances waves process at room temperature, do not require the added heat of a hair dryer, process more quickly, and produce firmer curls than true acid waves. |
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Term
| Alkaline Waves(or cold waves) |
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Definition
| have a pH between 9.0 and 9.6 use ammonuim thioglycolate as the reducing agent, and process at room temperature |
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Term
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Definition
| Compounds made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. |
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Term
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Definition
| perms se alkanolamines instead of ammonia and are popular because of their low odor |
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Term
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Definition
| actice ingredient or reducing afent in alkaline permanents |
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Term
| Base cream or protective base cream |
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Definition
| oily cream used to protect the skin and scalp during hair relaxing. |
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Term
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Definition
| position of the rod in relation to its base section, determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped. |
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Term
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Definition
| angle at which the rod is positioned on the head( horizontally, vertically, or diagonally); also, the directional pattern in which the hair is wrapped |
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Term
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Definition
| the position of the rod in relation to its base section, and is determined bt the angle at which the hair is wrapped. Rods can be wrapped on base, half off base, or off base |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxers that require the application of protective base cream to the entire scalp prior to the application of the relaxer |
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Term
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Definition
| subsections of panels into which hair is divided for perm wrapping; one rod is normally places on each base section |
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Term
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Definition
| perm wrap in which all the rods within a panel move in the same direction and are positioned on equal-size bases; all base sections are horizontal, with the same length and width as the perm rod |
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Term
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Definition
| perm wrap in which one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope |
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Term
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Definition
| perm wrap similar to actual technique of bricklaying; base sections are offset from each other by row. |
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Term
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Definition
| rearranged the structure of curly hair into straighter or smoother form |
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Term
| Chemical texture services |
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Definition
| hair services that cause a chemical change that permanently alters the natural wave pattern of the hair |
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Term
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Definition
| perm rods that have a smaller diameter in the center that increaes to a larger diameter on the ends |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle layer of the hair, located directly beneath the cuticle layer, the cortex is responsible for the incredible strength and elasticity of human hair |
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Term
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Definition
| perms in which the hair strands are wrapped at an angle perpendicular to the perm rod, in overlapping concentric layers |
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Term
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Definition
| perm wrap in which partings and bases radiate throughout the panels to follow the curvature of the head |
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Term
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Definition
| chemical side bonds that are formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent protein chains are joined together. Disulfide bonds can only be broken by chemicals and cannot be broken by heat or water. |
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Term
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Definition
| perm wrap in which one end paper is placed under, and one is placed over, the strand of hair being wrapped. |
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Term
| double-rod (piggyback) technique |
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Definition
| perm wrap in which two rods are used for one strand od hair, one on top of the other |
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Term
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Definition
| perm activated by an outside heat source, usually a conventional hood-type hair dryer |
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Term
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Definition
| absorbent papers used to control the ends of the hair when wrapping and winding hair on perm rods |
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Term
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Definition
| creates an exothermic chemical reaction that heats up the waving solution and speeds up processing |
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Term
| glyceryl monothioglycolate |
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Definition
| main active ingredient in true acid and acid-balanced waving lotions |
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Term
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Definition
| base control in which the hair is wrapped at an angle of 90 degrees(perpendicular) to its base section and the rod is positioned half off its base section |
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Term
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Definition
| weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between opposite electrical charges; easily broken by water, as in wet setting, or heat, as in thermal styling, and re-dorm as the hiar dries or cools |
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Term
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Definition
| the neutralization of hydroxide relaxers is an acid alkali neutralization reaction that neutralizes(deactivates) the alkaline residues left in the hair by the hydroxide relaxers and lowers the pH of the hair and scalp. Hydroxide relaxer neutralization does not involve oxidation or rebuild disulfide bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| very strong alkalis with a pH over 13, the hydroxide ion is the active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers |
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Term
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Definition
| process by which hydroxide relaxers permanently straighten hair; breaks the hair's disulfide bonds during processing and converts them to lanthionine bonds when the relaxer is rinsed from the hair |
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Term
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Definition
| tool that is usually about 12 inches long with a uniform diameter along the entire length of the rod |
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Term
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Definition
| perms that work at a low pH, and use sulfates, sulfites, and bisulfites as an alternatice to ammonium thioglycolate |
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Term
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Definition
| inntermost layer of the hiar and is often called the pith or core of the hair |
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Term
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Definition
| ionic compunds formed by a metal (sodium, potassium, or lithium) combined with oxygen and hydrogen |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxers that do not require application of the protective base cream |
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Term
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Definition
| conditioners that restore the hairs natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer and prior to shampooing |
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Term
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Definition
| base control in which the hair is wrapped at a 45 degree angle below perpendicular to its base section, and the rod is positioned completely off its base section |
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Term
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Definition
| base control in which the hair is wrapped at a 45 degree angle beyond perpendicular to its base section and the rod is positioned on its base section |
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Term
| peptide bonds or end bonds |
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Definition
| chemical bonds that join amino acids together by peptide bonds |
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Term
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Definition
| long chains of amino acids joined together to form polyeptde chains |
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Term
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Definition
| relatively weak physical side bonds that are reult of an attraction betwwen opposite electrical charges; easliy broken by changes in pH, as in permamnent waving, and reform when pH returns to normal |
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Term
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Definition
| disulfide salt, and hydrogen bonds that cross link polypeptide chains together. Side bonds are responsible for the elasticity and incredible strength of the hair |
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Term
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Definition
| perm wrap that is similar to double flat wrap but uses only one end paper, placed over the top of the strand of hair being wrapped |
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Term
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Definition
| tool about 12 inches long with a uniform diamter along the entire length, these soft foam rods have a stiff wire inside that permits them to be bent into almost any shape |
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Term
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Definition
| combination of a thio relaxer and a thio permanent wrapped in large rods to make existing curl larger and looser |
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Term
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Definition
| hair is wrapped at an angle other than perpendicular to the length of the rod, which causes the hiar to spiral along the length of the rod, similar to the grip on a tennis racket. |
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Term
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Definition
| perm rods that are equal in diameter along their entire length or curling area |
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Term
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Definition
| colorless liquid with a strong unpleasant odor, provides the hydrogen that causes the reduction reaction on permanent waving solution |
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Term
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Definition
| stops action of a permanent wave solution and rebuilds the hair in its new curly form |
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Term
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Definition
| use the same ammonium thioglycolate that is used in permamnent waving but at a higher concentration and a higher pH (above 10) |
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Term
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Definition
| perm that uses cysteamine or mercaptamine instead of ammonuium thioglycolate as the primary reducing agent |
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Term
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Definition
| have a pH between 4.5 and 7.0 require heat to process(endothermic), process more slowly than alkaline waves, and do not usually produce as firm a curl as alkaline waves |
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Term
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Definition
| wrapping technique that uses zigzag partings to divide base areas |
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