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Chemical Changes
6th Grade Physical Science
40
Science
6th Grade
10/14/2015

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Term
Chemical Change
Definition
A chemical change produces substances that have new and different properties
Term
Chemical Compound
Definition
A chemical combination of two or more substances.
Term
Compound Properties
Definition
Properties of a compound are different than the properties of the substances it is made of.
Term
Chemical Bonds
Definition
Chemical bonds are formed by the electrical attraction between atoms.
Term
Chemical Formula
Definition
The ratio in which atoms are bonded together in a compound is shown by a chemical formula.
Term
Ratio
Definition
A ratio is a comparison of numbers. For example in a water molecule there are 2 Hydrogen atoms to 1 atom of Oxygen. So the ratio is 2:1.
Term
What are the types of chemical bonds?
Definition
Ionic & Covalent
Term
How do Covalent bonds form?
Definition
The atoms share electrons
Term
Covalent bonds may form...
Definition
between atoms of the same element or between different elements.
Term
How do Ionic Bonds form?
Definition
They bond by giving up or losing an electron to another atom.
Term
What is an Ion?
Definition
A particle that has unequal numbers of protons and electrons is an ion.
Term
Ionic Bonds
Definition
When sodium ions and chloride ions join through ionic bond the compound sodium chloride (salt) is formed.
Term
Chemical Reactions
Definition
Two separate things join together to make a new compound in a synthesis or process reaction.
Term
Decomposition Reaction
Definition
A complex substance breaks apart into simpler substances in a decomposition reaction.
Term
Replacement Reaction
Definition
One element replaces another element in a replacement reaction.
Term
Types of Chemical Reactions
Definition
Decomposition and replacement reactions
Term
Products
Definition
The new substances produced through a chemical reaction are called products.
Term
Chemical Property
Definition
A way of describing a substance by how it reacts to other substances is a Chemical Property
Term
In an atom that has not bonded protons equal ______
Definition
electrons
Term
The reaction of a substance is determined by what?
Definition
How a substance reacts is determined by the substance itself and where it lies on the periodic table.
Term
Molecule
Definition
A molecule is a group of bonded atoms that act like a single particle.
Term
The molecules of any substance are all _____.
Definition
alike
Term
Bitter Taste is one common property of _____.
Definition
Bases
Term
In the presence of a base, red litmus paper turns _______.
Definition
Blue
Term
How does Litmus paper work?
Definition
Litmus changes color when exposed to an acidic or basic solution.
Term
Exothermic Reactions
Definition
Chemical reactions that give off heat are said to be exothermic.
Term
Endothermic Reactions
Definition
Chemical reactions that absorb energy are said to be endothermic.
Term
Examples of endothermic reactions?
Definition
Baking bread, melting ice cubes and photosynthesis are examples of endothermic reactions.
Term
Examples of exothermic reactions
Definition
Burning coal, a candle flame and making ice cubes are examples of exothermic reactions.
Term
If an atom takes an electron from another atom what type of bond is formed?
Definition
An Ionic bond
Term
If two atoms share electrons what type of bond is formed?
Definition
A Covalent Bond
Term
Which type of bond is stronger Ionic or Covalent?
Definition
Covalent
Term
H2O has how many Hydrogen atoms?
Definition
2
Term
If an atom has 23 electrons, how many protons does it have?
Definition
23
Term
If an atom takes an electron from another atom when bonding, what charge does it have?
Definition
Negative
Term
If an atom loses an electron when bonding what charge will it have?
Definition
Positive.
Term
Valence Electrons
Definition
The electrons in the outer shell of an atom
Term
Electrons that are involved in bonding are the_________
Definition
valence electrons
Term
The number of valence electrons can be identified for main group elements by looking at their ____________ number
Definition
column
Term
Carbon is located in column four on the periodic table. How many valence electrons does carbon have?
Definition
four
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